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A solution of nitric acid, water and alcohol, nital, is used for etching metals to reveal the microstructure. ISO 14104 is one of the standards detailing this well known procedure. [45] Nitric acid is used either in combination with hydrochloric acid or alone to clean glass cover slips and glass slides for high-end microscopy applications. [46]
More conveniently, the salt can be made by reacting nitric acid with aluminium hydroxide. Aluminium nitrate may also be prepared a metathesis reaction between aluminium sulfate and a nitrate salt with a suitable cation such as barium, strontium, calcium, silver, or lead. e.g. Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 + 3 Ba(NO 3 ) 2 → 2 Al(NO 3 ) 3 + 3 BaSO 4 .
Nital is a critical plot element in the Japanese manga series Dr. Stone, whose story revolves around the mysterious petrification of all mankind. Initially made from nitric acid that they produce from bat guano found in a cave, they then produce nitric acid by using the Ostwald process (using Platinum as a catalyst and urine as an ingredient) and highly distilled alcohol with a ratio of 3:7.
Bismuth nitrate can be prepared by the reaction of bismuth metal and concentrated nitric acid. [6]Bi + 4HNO 3 → Bi(NO 3) 3 + 2H 2 O + NO. It dissolves in nitric acid but is readily hydrolysed to form a range of oxynitrates when the pH increases above 0.
The overall reaction is the reduction of the nitrate ion to nitric oxide by iron(II), which is oxidised to iron(III), followed by the formation of nitrosyl ferrous sulfate between the nitric oxide and the remaining iron(II), where nitric oxide is reduced to NO −. [5] 2HNO 3 + 3H 2 SO 4 + 6FeSO 4 → 3Fe 2 (SO 4) 3 + 2NO + 4H 2 O
When heated to 150–180 °C, it decomposes with autooxidation to plutonium (VI) with the formation of plutonyl nitrate (PuO 2 (NO 3) 2).Upon evaporation of concentrated nitric acid solutions of plutonium nitrate and alkali metal nitrates, double nitrates of the composition M 2 [Pu(NO 3) 6] are formed, where M = Cs +, Rb +, K +, Tl +, NH 4 +, analogous to ceric ammonium nitrate.
Then an excess but fixed volume of sulfanilamide and N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride solution is added. With nitrous acid as the limiting reagent, the azo coupling reaction produces an azo dye quantitatively with respect to the nitrite ions: The diazo compound formed accounts for the red coloration typical for a positive result.
McIlvaine buffer is a buffer solution composed of citric acid and disodium hydrogen phosphate, also known as citrate-phosphate buffer.It was introduced in 1921 by the United States agronomist Theodore Clinton McIlvaine (1875–1959) from West Virginia University, and it can be prepared in pH 2.2 to 8 by mixing two stock solutions.