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A solution of nitric acid, water and alcohol, nital, is used for etching metals to reveal the microstructure. ISO 14104 is one of the standards detailing this well known procedure. [45] Nitric acid is used either in combination with hydrochloric acid or alone to clean glass cover slips and glass slides for high-end microscopy applications. [46]
Nital is a critical plot element in the Japanese manga series Dr. Stone, whose story revolves around the mysterious petrification of all mankind. Made from nitric acid that they produce from bat guano found in a cave, they produce nitric acid by using the Ostwald process (using Platinum as a catalyst and urine as an ingredient) and highly distilled alcohol with a ratio of 3:7.
m(NaCl) = 2 mol/L × 0.1 L × 58 g/mol = 11.6 g. To create the solution, 11.6 g NaCl is placed in a volumetric flask, dissolved in some water, then followed by the addition of more water until the total volume reaches 100 mL. The density of water is approximately 1000 g/L and its molar mass is 18.02 g/mol (or 1/18.02 = 0.055 mol/g). Therefore ...
Bismuth nitrate can be prepared by the reaction of bismuth metal and concentrated nitric acid. [6]Bi + 4HNO 3 → Bi(NO 3) 3 + 2H 2 O + NO. It dissolves in nitric acid but is readily hydrolysed to form a range of oxynitrates when the pH increases above 0.
Anhydrous nitric acid, referred to as white fuming nitric acid, can be used to prepare water-free nitration mixtures, and this method is used in laboratory scale operations where the cost of material is not of primary importance. Fuming nitric acid is hazardous to handle and transport, because it is extremely corrosive and volatile. For ...
Aqua regia first appeared in the De inventione veritatis ("On the Discovery of Truth") by pseudo-Geber (after c. 1300), who produced it by adding sal ammoniac (ammonium chloride) to nitric acid. [6] [d] The preparation of aqua regia by directly mixing hydrochloric acid with nitric acid only became possible after the discovery in the late ...
Iron(II) nitrate can be produced in multiple ways, such as the reaction of iron metal with cold dilute nitric acid: 3 Fe + 8 HNO 3 + 12 H 2 O → 3 Fe(NO 3) 2 (H 2 O) 6 + 2 NO. If this reaction is conducted below -10 °C, nonahydrate is produced. It readily releases water to give the hexahydrate. [1] The above reaction can also co-produce ...
The resultant nitric acid was then used as a source of nitrate (NO 3 −) in the reaction + + + which may take place in the presence of water or another proton acceptor. It was developed by Norwegian industrialist and scientist Kristian Birkeland along with his business partner Sam Eyde in 1903, [ 2 ] based on a method used by Henry Cavendish ...