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Genes encoding human Ly6 family members are located in clusters on chromosomes 6, 8, 11 and 19. In the murine genome family members are located on chromosomes 17, 15, 9 and 7, respectively. [ 4 ] [ 3 ] [ 1 ] Genes encoding Ly6 proteins with one LU domain consist of 3 exons and 2 introns .
The LU domain (Ly-6 antigen/uPAR) is an evolutionarily conserved protein domain of the three-finger protein superfamily. This domain is found in the extracellular domains of cell-surface receptors and in either GPI-anchored or secreted globular proteins, for example the Ly-6 family, CD59, and Sgp-2.
A duplication of the gene has been detected in a case study of two individuals with severe intellectual disability, suggesting its role in proper brain development and cognitive function. [10] Additionally, the protein demonstrates high expression in several other normal organs including the testis , lungs , stomach , and prostate .
Lymphocyte antigen 6E is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LY6E gene. [5] [6] [7] Increased expression of Ly6E is associated with poor survival outcome in multiple malignancies as determined by a survey of more than 130 published clinical studies of gene expression studies on cancer tissue samples and adjacent normal tissues. [8]
Gene structure is the organisation of specialised sequence elements within a gene. Genes contain most of the information necessary for living cells to survive and reproduce. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In most organisms, genes are made of DNA, where the particular DNA sequence determines the function of the gene.
This gene may also play a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris. [5] The LYNX1 gene codes for a protein (Lynx1) that binds to acetylcholine receptors in the brain. [6] Lynx1 a member of the Ly6 superfamily of proteins that are capable of modulating neurotransmitter receptors. [7]
In molecular biology and genetics, DNA annotation or genome annotation is the process of describing the structure and function of the components of a genome, [2] by analyzing and interpreting them in order to extract their biological significance and understand the biological processes in which they participate. [3]
[39] [38] Hypomethylation of a specific L1 located in the MET onco gene is associated with bladder cancer tumorogenesis, [40] Shift work sleep disorder [41] is associated with increased cancer risk because light exposure at night reduces melatonin, a hormone that has been shown to reduce L1-induced genome instability.