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Epidemics of the 19th century were faced without the medical advances that made 20th-century epidemics much rarer and less lethal. Micro-organisms (viruses and bacteria) had been discovered in the 18th century, but it was not until the late 19th century that the experiments of Lazzaro Spallanzani and Louis Pasteur disproved spontaneous generation conclusively, allowing germ theory and Robert ...
The third cholera pandemic (1846–1860) was the third major outbreak of cholera originating in India in the 19th century that reached far beyond its borders, which researchers at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) believe may have started as early as 1837 and lasted until 1863. [1]
Two centuries of American medicine, 1776-1976 (1976). online; Bonner, Thomas N. The Kansas Doctor: A Century of Pioneering (Kansas UP, 1959) pp 120--171, argues Kansas was a national leader in public health in 1904-1923. Bonner, Thomas N. Medicine in Chicago: 1850-1950 (1957), pp. 175-198. Brandt, Allan M., and Martha Gardner.
Prior to medicine becoming hard science, there were many philosophical theories about how disease originated and was transmitted. Though there were a few early thinkers that described the possibility of microorganisms, it was not until the mid to late nineteenth century when several noteworthy figures made discoveries which would provide more ...
Cholera caused more deaths than any other epidemic disease in the 19th century, [2] and as such, researchers consider it a defining epidemic disease of the century. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The medical community now believes cholera to be exclusively a human disease, spread through many means of travel during the time, and transmitted through warm fecal ...
Historian Christopher Hamlin noted that European physicians attempted to distinguish the "new" strain of Asiatic cholera from the "old" strain, and that evidence for a Bengali origin of the pandemic were often based on 19th-century accounts which were "steeped in biases" against Hindu and Indian culture in general.
A 12th-century manuscript of the Hippocratic Oath in Greek, one of the most famous aspects of classical medicine that carried into later eras. The history of medicine is both a study of medicine throughout history as well as a multidisciplinary field of study that seeks to explore and understand medical practices, both past and present, throughout human societies.
In the metropolis of London, 1:7 died from consumption at the dawn of the 18th century, by 1750 that proportion grew to 1:5.25 and surged to 1:4.2 by around the start of the 19th century. [61] The Industrial Revolution coupled with poverty and squalor created the optimal environment for the propagation of the disease.