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If the infection is treatable, helping prevent reinfection of the originally infected patient; Learning about the epidemiology of a disease in a particular population; Being a tool in multifaceted prevention strategy to effectively curb the spread of an infectious disease. Visual depiction of disease spread with and without contact tracing.
Preventing the spread of diseases means breaking the chain of infection transmission so that infection cannot spread. "Targeted hygiene" is based on identifying the routes of pathogen spread in the home and introducing hygiene practices at critical times to break the chain of infection. [11]
Transmissibility is the probability of an infection, given a contact between an infected host and a noninfected host. [8] Community transmission means that the source of infection for the spread of an illness is unknown or a link in terms of contacts between patients and other people is missing. It refers to the difficulty in grasping the ...
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to concepts related to infectious diseases in humans.. Infection – transmission, entry/invasion after evading/overcoming defense, establishment, and replication of disease-causing microscopic organisms (pathogens) inside a host organism, and the reaction of host tissues to them and to the toxins they produce.
Infection control addresses factors related to the spread of infections within the healthcare setting, whether among patients, from patients to staff, from staff to patients, or among staff. This includes preventive measures such as hand washing , cleaning, disinfecting, sterilizing , and vaccinating .
This quantity determines whether the infection will increase sub-exponentially, die out, or remain constant: if R 0 > 1, then each person on average infects more than one other person so the disease will spread; if R 0 < 1, then each person infects fewer than one person on average so the disease will die out; and if R 0 = 1, then each person ...
Chain of infection; the chain of events that lead to infection. There is a general chain of events that applies to infections, sometimes called the chain of infection [14] or transmission chain. The chain of events involves several steps – which include the infectious agent, reservoir, entering a susceptible host, exit and transmission to new ...
Relevant microbes may be viruses, bacteria, or fungi, and they may be spread through breathing, talking, coughing, sneezing, spraying of liquids, toilet flushing or any activities which generate aerosol particles or droplets or generate fomites, such as raising of dust.