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The authors maintained that Nigeria is experiencing different change in climate that affects her vegetation. There has been changes on how rain falls, sometimes harsh sun and cold, which reduces the growth of plants in the country. High rainfall also affect the survival of our forest. Flooding, which have occurred in many parts of Nigeria. [17]
Similarly, another author indicated that there are 14 distinct biomes, including forests, grasslands, and deserts, among the 846 ecoregions that make up the area. Ecoregions vary in size; the island group of St. Peter and St. Paul Rocks in the Atlantic Ocean is only 6 km2, while the East Siberian Taiga is 39 million km2.
A semi-arid climate, semi-desert climate, or steppe climate is a dry climate sub-type. It is located on regions that receive precipitation below potential evapotranspiration, but not as low as a desert climate. There are different kinds of semi-arid climates, depending on variables such as temperature, and they give rise to different biomes.
Vegetation map of Nigeria. Nigeria is covered by three types of vegetation: forests (where there is significant tree cover), savannahs (insignificant tree cover, with grasses and flowers located between trees), and montane land (least common and mainly found in the mountains near the Cameroon border). [43]
Topography of Nigeria. Nigeria is a large country in West Africa just north of the equator. It is bounded by Benin to the west, Niger to the north, Cameroon to the east and the Atlantic Ocean to the south. The country consists of several large plateaus separated by the valleys of the two major rivers, the Niger and the Benue, and their tributaries.
Nigeria's mangrove forest is located in the Niger delta region and is arguably the most exploited mangrove forest in the world. [11] The Niger Delta region of Nigeria has a land mass of about 70000 km² representing 7.5% of Nigeria's land mass.
Nigeria has extensive mangrove forests in the coastal region of the Niger Delta. Considered one of the most ecologically sensitive regions in the world, the Niger Delta mangrove forest is situated within a deltaic depositional environment. These mangrove forests serve a critical role in regional ecological and landscape composition, and support ...
Map of the dominant soil types of Nigeria. The soils in the northern region of Nigeria are categorized as reddish brown or brown soils of the semi-arid and Arid Regions. They are also known as tropical Ferruginous Soil and are considered to be comparable to Ferric Luvisols. These are sandy soils that are made up of about 85% sand.