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  2. Foreach loop - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreach_loop

    The expression which denotes the collection to loop over is evaluated in list-context, but not flattened by default, and each item of the resulting list is, in turn, aliased to the loop variable(s). List literal example:

  3. For loop - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/For_loop

    The loop counter is used to decide when the loop should terminate and for the program flow to continue to the next instruction after the loop. A common identifier naming convention is for the loop counter to use the variable names i , j , and k (and so on if needed), where i would be the most outer loop, j the next inner loop, etc.

  4. Pseudocode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudocode

    Pseudocode is commonly used in textbooks and scientific publications related to computer science and numerical computation to describe algorithms in a way that is accessible to programmers regardless of their familiarity with specific programming languages.

  5. Linked list - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_list

    For example, when scanning the list looking for a node with a given value x, setting the sentinel's data field to x makes it unnecessary to test for end-of-list inside the loop. Another example is the merging two sorted lists: if their sentinels have data fields set to +∞, the choice of the next output node does not need special handling for ...

  6. Control flow - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_flow

    The following example is done in Ada which supports both early exit from loops and loops with test in the middle. Both features are very similar and comparing both code snippets will show the difference: early exit must be combined with an if statement while a condition in the middle is a self-contained construct.

  7. Sentinel value - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentinel_value

    In computer programming, a sentinel value (also referred to as a flag value, trip value, rogue value, signal value, or dummy data) is a special value in the context of an algorithm which uses its presence as a condition of termination, typically in a loop or recursive algorithm.

  8. Python syntax and semantics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_syntax_and_semantics

    However, a generator is an object with persistent state, which can repeatedly enter and leave the same scope. A generator call can then be used in place of a list, or other structure whose elements will be iterated over. Whenever the for loop in the example requires the next item, the generator is called, and yields the next item.

  9. Fisher–Yates shuffle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher–Yates_shuffle

    After loop iteration i, the first i elements of the array contain a random permutation. Each loop iteration maintains this property while increasing i . Alternatively, it can be shown that there are n ! different sequences of random numbers j , and each corresponds with a different permutation.