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The changes in volume for the Aira and Kirishima systems suggest they had different inflation and deflation periods. Between 2009 and 2013, there was evidence of inflation in the Aira system. However, after the 2011 eruption at Kirishima, the Aira system experienced a deflation. This was Aira caldera's only deflation between 2009 and 2013. [15]
A major three phase eruption of the Aira Caldera formed in the first phase the Osumi pumice fall, had a second phase Tsumaya pyroclastic flow and in the third Ito eruption phase produced the widely distributed Aira-Tn tephra that has been dated at 29,428 to 30,148 years calibrated before present.
The Buru Caldera cuts the SW flank of the Witori volcano. [2] Sakurajima, Kyūshū, Japan, is a volcano of the Aira Caldera. The Mount Unzen volcanic complex, East of Nagasaki, Japan, comprises three large stratovolcanoes with complex structures, Kinugasa on the North, Fugen-dake at the East-center, and Kusenbu on the South.
Two of the four eruptions were previously identified: Mount Tambora in Indonesia exploded in 1815, and Cosegüina erupted in Nicaragua in 1835. The volcano that produced the 1808/1809 eruption ...
The caldera was classified in 2018 by the U.S. Geological Survey as one of three volcanoes in the state — along with 15 elsewhere in the U.S. — considered a "very high threat," the highest ...
This is a sortable summary of 27 major eruptions in the last 2000 years with VEI ≥6, implying an average of about 1.3 per century. The count does not include the notable VEI 5 eruptions of Mount St. Helens and Mount Vesuvius. Date uncertainties, tephra volumes, and references are also not included.
Approximately 760,000 years ago, this super volcano in particular had a massive eruption on an apocalyptic scale that blanketed the United States region in molten lava and ash.
Date Age [35] Tephra or eruption name Bulk DRE; 6 Okmok Caldera: Umnak, Aleutian Arc 25+ [36] 15+ [37] 43 BCE 2 Okmok II 5 Etna: Campanian volcanic arc 1 Unknown 122 BCE 2.1 S flank, summit (Cratere del Piano caldera) 6 Raoul Island: Kermadec Islands: 28.8 Unknown 250 BCE 2.2 Fleetwood 5 Mount St. Helens Cascade Volcanic Arc