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The game uses artificial putting surfaces (such as carpet, artificial turf, or concrete), a geometric layout often requiring non-traditional putting lines such as bank shots, and artificial obstacles such as tunnels, tubes, ramps, moving obstacles like windmills, and walls made of concrete, metal, or fiberglass. When miniature golf retains many ...
AstroTurf is an American subsidiary of SportGroup that produces artificial turf for playing surfaces in sports. The original AstroTurf product was a short-pile synthetic turf invented in 1965 by Monsanto. [2] Since the early 2000s, AstroTurf has marketed taller pile systems that use infill materials to better replicate natural turf. [3]
The surface's thickness depends upon usage and play equipment with 15–20 mm for hard surfaces and 40 mm for compressed stone. The raw rubber particles are bound together with a polyurethane binder and mixed or made on-site. The surface comes in a wide range of colors and even mixtures of colors.
This cushion is intended to improve safety when compared to earlier artificial surfaces and allows players to plant and pivot as if they were playing on a grass field. [7] Each square foot of turf contains about 3 kg (7 lb) of sand and 1.5 kg (3 lb) of cryogenic rubber. FieldTurf does not use shock-absorbency pads below its infill.
Artificial turf with rubber crumb infill Side view of artificial turf Diagram of the structure of modern artificial turf Artificial turf square mats. Artificial turf is a surface of synthetic fibers made to look like natural grass, used in sports arenas, residential lawns and commercial applications that traditionally use grass.
Injuries occurred on turf fields "significantly" more frequently than grass fields in 10 of the past 11 NFL seasons.
The original trade name "Tartan" came from 3M, manufacturers of Scotch Tape and alluding to the Scotch name. 3M's first generation artificial turf of the late 1960s and early 1970s was branded as "Tartan Turf". [11] Those original tracks used mercury as a catalyst, which is an environmental hazard. An independent company (MCP Industries Inc ...
GrassMaster is a hybrid grass sports playing field surface composed of natural grass combined with artificial fibres. The method was developed and patented by Desso Sports from the Netherlands in 1993. This hybrid grass system is now marketed and further developed by Tarkett Sports after a takeover of Desso Sports and has since been re-branded ...
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