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  2. Corrosion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrosion

    Increased material volume caused by corrosion. In the most common use of the word, this means electrochemical oxidation of metal in reaction with an oxidant such as oxygen, hydrogen, or hydroxide. Rusting, the formation of red-orange iron oxides, is a well-known example of electrochemical corrosion.

  3. Galvanic corrosion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galvanic_corrosion

    Galvanized mild steel cable ladder with corrosion around stainless steel bolts. All metals can be classified into a galvanic series representing the electrical potential they develop in a given electrolyte against a standard reference electrode. The relative position of two metals on such a series gives a good indication of which metal is more ...

  4. Rust - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rust

    From the above equations, it is also seen that the corrosion products are dictated by the availability of water and oxygen. With limited dissolved oxygen, iron(II)-containing materials are favoured, including FeO and black lodestone or magnetite (Fe 3 O 4). High oxygen concentrations favour ferric materials with the nominal formulae Fe(OH) 3− ...

  5. Galvanic anode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galvanic_anode

    In brief, corrosion is a chemical reaction occurring by an electrochemical mechanism (a redox reaction). [1] During corrosion of iron or steel there are two reactions, oxidation (equation 1), where electrons leave the metal (and the metal dissolves, i.e. actual loss of metal results) and reduction, where the electrons are used to convert oxygen and water to hydroxide ions (equation 2): [2]

  6. Pitting corrosion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitting_corrosion

    The process of pit nucleation is initiated by the depassivation of the protective oxide layer isolating the metal substrate from the aggressive solution. The depassivation of the protective oxide layer is the less properly understood step in pitting corrosion and its very local and random appearance probably its most enigmatic characteristic.

  7. Galvanic series - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galvanic_series

    The unshaded bars indicate the location on the chart of those steels when in acidic/stagnant water ( like in the bilge ), where crevice-corrosion happens. Notice how the *same* steel has much different galvanic-series location, depending on the electrolyte it's in, making prevention of corrosion .. more difficult.

  8. Crevice corrosion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crevice_corrosion

    In general, crevice corrosion is of greatest concern for materials which are normally passive metals, like stainless steel or aluminum. Crevice corrosion tends to be of greatest significance to components built of highly corrosion-resistant superalloys and operating with the purest -available water chemistry.

  9. Pilling–Bedworth ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilling–Bedworth_ratio

    N.B. Pilling and R.E. Bedworth [2] suggested in 1923 that metals can be classed into two categories: those that form protective oxides, and those that cannot. They ascribed the protectiveness of the oxide to the volume the oxide takes in comparison to the volume of the metal used to produce this oxide in a corrosion process in dry air.