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Punchcutting is a craft used in traditional typography to cut letter punches in steel as the first stage of making metal type. [1] Steel punches in the shape of the letter would be used to stamp matrices into copper, which were locked into a mould shape to cast type. Cutting punches and casting type was the first step of traditional typesetting ...
English: Ornamental latin alphabet from the 16th century, missing the letters J, O, W, X and Z. Vectorized with Inkscape from the original scan at , then restored for optimal appearance. Letter illustrations: A: Head of a bird and two snakes; B: King and devil; C: Bird riding a wild boar; D: Plant; E: Dragon; F: Bird and flower; G: Dog; H ...
The technique of imprinting multiple copies of symbols or glyphs with a master type punch made of hard metal first developed around 3000 BC in ancient Sumer.These metal punch types can be seen as precursors of the letter punches adapted in later millennia to printing with movable metal type.
A fleuron (/ ˈ f l ʊər ɒ n,-ə n, ˈ f l ɜːr ɒ n,-ə n / [1]), also known as printers' flower, is a typographic element, or glyph, used either as a punctuation mark or as an ornament for typographic compositions. Fleurons are stylized forms of flowers or leaves; the term derives from the Old French: floron ("flower"). [2]
Claude Garamond. Claude Garamont (c. 1510 –1561), [1] known commonly as Claude Garamond, was a French type designer, publisher and punch-cutter based in Paris. [2] [3] Garamond worked as an engraver of punches, the masters used to stamp matrices, the moulds used to cast metal type.
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Repoussé (French: ⓘ) or repoussage (ⓘ) is a metalworking technique in which a malleable metal is shaped by hammering from the reverse side to create a design in low relief. Chasing (French: ciselure) or embossing is a similar technique in which the piece is hammered on the front side, sinking the metal. The two techniques are often used in ...