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1972 — Jacob Bekenstein suggests that black holes have an entropy proportional to their surface area due to information loss effects; 1974 — Stephen Hawking applies quantum field theory to black hole spacetimes and shows that black holes will radiate particles with a black-body spectrum which can cause black hole evaporation
History of black holes. Timeline of black hole physics – Timeline of black hole physics; John Michell – geologist who first proposed the idea "dark stars" in 1783 [3] Dark star; Pierre-Simon Laplace – early mathematical theorist (1796) of the idea of black holes [4] [5] Albert Einstein – in 1915, arrived at the theory of general relativity
For black holes, this manifests as Hawking radiation, and the larger question of how the black hole possesses a temperature is part of the topic of black hole thermodynamics. For accelerating particles, this manifests as the Unruh effect , which causes space around the particle to appear to be filled with matter and radiation.
A black hole with the mass of a car would have a diameter of about 10 −24 m and take a nanosecond to evaporate, during which time it would briefly have a luminosity of more than 200 times that of the Sun. Lower-mass black holes are expected to evaporate even faster; for example, a black hole of mass 1 TeV/c 2 would take less than 10 −88 ...
In the 2017 episode "The Pyramid at the End of the World", the Monks changed every clock in the world to three minutes to midnight as a warning about what will happen if humanity does not accept their help. Representatives of the three most powerful armies on Earth agreed not to fight each other, believing a potential war is the catastrophe.
Black Holes & Time Warps: Einstein's Outrageous Legacy is a 1994 popular science book by physicist Kip Thorne. It provides an illustrated overview of the history and development of black hole theory, from its roots in Newtonian mechanics until the early 1990s.
The crucial phase of our discovery of black holes took place in a suitably dark period of human history – World War II.
By this time, if protons do decay, the Black Hole Era, in which black holes are the only remaining celestial objects, begins. [9] [141] 3.14×10 50 (314 quindecillion) The estimated time until a micro black hole of one Earth mass today, will have decayed into subatomic particles by the emission of Hawking radiation. [147] 10 65 (100 vigintillion)