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The original antigenic sin: When the body first encounters an infection it produces effective antibodies against its dominant antigens and thus eliminates the infection. But when it encounters the same infection, at a later evolved stage, with a new dominant antigen, with the original antigen now being recessive, the immune system will still produce the former antibodies against this old "now ...
Original antigenic sin; Vaccine adverse event; Other ways in which antibodies can (unusually) make an infection worse instead of better Blocking antibody, which can be either good or bad, depending on circumstances; Hook effect, most relevant to in vitro tests but known to have some in vivo relevances
This doctrine is known as the original antigenic sin. [21] This phenomenon comes into play particularly in immune responses against influenza , dengue and HIV viruses. [ 25 ] This limitation, however, is not imposed by the phenomenon of polyclonal response, but rather, against it by an immune response that is biased in favor of experienced ...
One model to explain this process is known as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), which allows for increased uptake and virion replication during a secondary infection with a different strain. Through an immunological phenomenon, known as original antigenic sin , the immune system is not able to adequately respond to the stronger infection ...
In wild birds, within-subtype antigenic variation appears to be limited but has been observed in poultry. [1] [11] Antigenic shift is a sudden, drastic change in an influenza virus' antigen, usually HA. During antigenic shift, antigenically different strains that infect the same cell can reassort genome segments with each other, producing ...
Original antigenic sin, descriptive diagram. en:Original antigenic sin refers to the propensity of the body's immune system to preferentially utilize immunological memory based on a previous infection when a second slightly different version of that foreign entity is encountered.
Immunogenicity is the ability of a foreign substance, such as an antigen, to provoke an immune response in the body of a human or other animal. It may be wanted or unwanted:
Precipitation occurs with most antigens because the antigen is multivalent (i.e. has several antigenic determinants per molecule to which antibodies can bind). Antibodies have at least two antigen binding sites (and in the case of immunoglobulin M there is a multimeric complex with up to 10 antigen binding sites), thus large aggregates or gel ...