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  2. German phosgene attack of 19 December 1915 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_phosgene_attack_of...

    Phosgene was used by the German army from the end of May 1915, when attacks were conducted on the Western Front against French troops and on the Eastern Front on Russians, where 12,000 cylinders with 240–264 long tons (244–268 t) of 95 per cent chlorine and 5 per cent phosgene was discharged on a 7.5 mi (12 km) front at Bolimów. [5]

  3. Chemical weapons in World War I - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_weapons_in_World...

    British emplacement after German gas attack (probably phosgene) It quickly became evident that the men who stayed in their places suffered less than those who ran away, as any movement worsened the effects of the gas, and that those who stood up on the fire step suffered less—indeed they often escaped any serious effects—than those who lay down or sat at the bottom of a trench.

  4. Phosgene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosgene

    Phosgene was first deployed as a chemical weapon by the French in 1915 in World War I. [24] It was also used in a mixture with an equal volume of chlorine, with the chlorine helping to spread the denser phosgene. [25] [26] Phosgene was more potent than chlorine, though some symptoms took 24 hours or more to manifest.

  5. Gas attacks at Hulluch - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_attacks_at_Hulluch

    The gas used by the German troops at Hulluch was a mixture of chlorine and phosgene, which had first been used on 19 December 1915 at Wieltje, near Ypres. The German gas was of sufficient concentration to penetrate the British PH gas helmets and the 16th (Irish) Division was unjustly blamed for poor gas discipline. It was put out that the gas ...

  6. Small box respirator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_box_respirator

    The PH helmet was used throughout early 1916 by British troops in which was designed to be tucked under the shirt of the wearer. The masks were an evolution of the P Helmet, and were effective against phosgene gas by adding hexamine to sodium phenate solution which acted as an absorbent to the phosgene gas. [7]

  7. Traces of toxic gas found during evacuation of Swedish ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/traces-toxic-gas-found-during...

    Traces of a toxic, colorless gas were found at the headquarters of Sweden’s security agency where a suspected gas leak last week forced authorities to evacuate some 500 people from the facility ...

  8. Chemical weapons and the United Kingdom - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_weapons_and_the...

    Gases were frequently mixed. For example, white star was the name given to a mixture of equal volumes of chlorine and phosgene, the chlorine helping to spread the denser but more toxic phosgene. Despite the rapid technical developments that occurred in the production of specialised agents, chemical weapons suffered from diminishing ...

  9. Mustard gas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustard_gas

    Mustard gas can have the effect of turning a patient's skin different colors, including shades of red, orange, pink, and in unusual cases, blue. The German Empire during World War I relied on the Meyer-Clarke method because 2-chloroethanol was readily available from the German dye industry of that time.