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Dental intrusion is an apical displacement of the tooth into the alveolar bone. This injury is accompanied by extensive damage to periodontal ligament , cementum , disruption of the neurovascular supply to the pulp, and communication or fracture of the alveolar socket.
Dental injuries involving the permanent teeth happen to almost 25% of children in school and 30% of adults. The incident varies in different countries as well as within the country itself. Dental traumatic accidents depends on one's activity status and also the surrounding environment factor but these are the main predisposing risk factor ...
Dental trauma is a major global health issue and it affects 17.5% of children and adolescents. [9] It is most commonly seen in school children. Dental subluxation is one of the most common traumatic injuries in primary dentition. Maxillary central incisors are the most commonly affected teeth.
For other cases, there are several theories explaining the cause. Dental trauma may be a major cause for the disease since it can lead to luxation, reported in 30 to 44% of all dental trauma cases, and hence replacement resorption, which is the situation in ankylosis of teeth. [10]
If apex of tooth is displaced towards the palate and making contact with the tooth germ then tooth is extracted Intrusive Luxation: Displacement of tooth into the alveolar bone (pushed into the socket) causing fracture of the alveolar bone. It is the most damaging injury to the tooth and supporting tissues as ankylosis and pulp necrosis can occur.
A certain intrusive force acting on the incisors is counter-acted by an opposite and equal extrusive force acting at the posterior teeth of the same arch. The extrusive force is felt at buccal of the center of resistance of a molar tooth because the bracket slot in the molar tube or band lies buccal to the tooth.
A common scenario of dental treatment causing aggravation of tooth mobility is with a new filling or crown which is a fraction of a millimetre too prominent in the bite, which after a few days causes periodontal pain in that tooth and/or the opposing tooth. [30] Orthodontic treatment can cause increased tooth mobility as well.
Dental avulsion is a type of dental trauma, and the prevalence of dental trauma is estimated at 17.5% and varies with geographical area. [36] Although dental trauma is relatively low, dental avulsion is the fourth most prevalent type of dental trauma. [37] Dental avulsion is more prevalent in males than females.