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Kelp have had to adapt dispersal methods that can make successful use of ocean currents. Buoyancy of certain kelp structures allows for species to disperse with the flow of water. [21] Certain kelp form kelp rafts, which can travel great distances away from the source population and colonize other areas.
The kelp floats as a raft and can travel vast distances at sea, driven by ocean currents. Kelp-associated invertebrates can be transported inside of drifting holdfasts, potentially leading to long-distance dispersal and a significant impact upon the population genetic structure of those species. [26] [27] [28] [29]
[6] [7] Specimens of D. antarctica have been found to float for up to 210 days, during which time high wind speeds transport kelp rafts up to 10,000 km. [6] [7] Environmental factors such as temperature, solar radiation and surface winds (all of which vary with latitude) affect buoyancy of southern bull kelp rafts and their rate of travel. [6]
Macrocystis is a monospecific genus [3] of kelp (large brown algae) with all species now synonymous with Macrocystis pyrifera. It is commonly known as giant kelp or bladder kelp. This genus contains the largest of all the Phaeophyceae or brown algae. Macrocystis has pneumatocysts at the base of its blades.
Smaller areas of anchored kelp are called kelp beds. They are recognized as one of the most productive and dynamic ecosystems on Earth. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Although algal kelp forest combined with coral reefs only cover 0.1% of Earth's total surface, they account for 0.9% of global primary productivity . [ 3 ]
Earle joined the Oregon Coast Aquarium otter raft in the summer of 2021, when he was just a pup. ... which can hurt their food supply, the kelp forests they live in, and cause dangerous algae ...
O. neglectus often inhabits the holdfasts of Durvillaea southern bull kelp. [3] [4] Genetic and shell morphological variation in the species appears to have been affected by the frequency individuals inhabiting Durvillaea holdfasts, and the population structure of O. neglectus has likely been influenced by individuals being transported within buoyant rafts of Durvillaea species.
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