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The language is known officially in Nepal as Nepal Bhasa, a name that has been historically used for the language. [6] [7] The term "Newari" is also used to refer to the language, although the Indic -i suffix is considered inappropriate by some Newar speakers. [a]
Since the Newari language lacks retroflex consonants, the letters ṭa, ṭha, ḍa, ḍha, ṇa and ṣa are used only in loanwords. The same applies to the letter śa. Newari, on the other hand, has a number of sonorant consonants that are pronounced with creaky voice (ṅha, ñha, ṇha, nha, mha, rha and lha).
Nepal Bhasa, also known as Newar, belongs to the Tibeto-Burman branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family and is predominantly spoken by Newars in Nepal's Katmandu Valley. [44] [45] Newars are bound together by a common language and culture. [46] Their common language is Nepal Bhasa or the linguistic progenitor of that language. Nepal Bhasa is ...
The inscriptions from the Licchavi period includes Newari words. Hence, it indicated that Newari was the common language during Licchavi dynasty although the official use of the period was Sanskrit, but Nepal Bhasa was already in use. [9] The earliest dated stone inscription in Thakuri dynasty is in Newari, dated Nepal Sambat 293 (1173 CE). [10]
Mha Puja means "worship of the self" in Newari, and it celebrates the spirit within oneself. The ceremony signifies an auspicious beginning of the New Year, and invokes prosperity and longevity for the participant. [3] [4] Mha Puja and Nepal Sambat are also celebrated abroad where Nepalese have settled. [5]
Guthi has been a part of the Newar social system in the Kathmandu Valley since the 5th century B.C. It is considered to have been in operation since the Kirati and Licchavi eras, with the first practice recorded in inscription erected at Pashupati Bhasmeshwar Temple, which is regarded as the oldest dated 455 inscription of Nepal.
The campaign aims to increase the use of Nepal Bhasa in the home, education, government and business. Despite a high level of development, Newar culture and language are both under threat. [1] Newars have been fighting to save their language from the time of the repressive Rana regime until today, and activists have been jailed, exiled and ...
The Rajopadhyayas speak Newari language and were historically the raj-purohitas and gurus of the Licchavi and Malla kings. They claim descent from Kanyakubja Brahmins , one of the five Pancha-Gauda North Indian Brahmin groupings, are divided among four exogamous lineage gotras- Bharadwaj , Kaushik , Garga and Kaundinya , and their history shows ...