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The Celtic languages (/ ˈ k ɛ l t ɪ k / ⓘ KEL-tik) are a branch of the Indo-European language family, descended from the hypothetical Proto-Celtic language. [2] The term "Celtic" was first used to describe this language group by Edward Lhuyd in 1707, [ 3 ] following Paul-Yves Pezron , who made the explicit link between the Celts described ...
The modern Celts (/ k ɛ l t s / KELTS, see pronunciation of Celt) are a related group of ethnicities who share similar Celtic languages, cultures and artistic histories, and who live in or descend from one of the regions on the western extremities of Europe populated by the Celts.
Unlike the Insular Celtic languages, there's no record of Celtic languages surviving into the modern era in these regions. [6] [7] [8] Similar evidence of a pattern of Celtic influence without the long-term survival of Celtic languages is also found in various regions across Europe, including parts of Italy, Austria, and the Czech Republic.
Modern Celtic languages include Welsh, Cornish, Breton, Scottish Gaelic, Irish and Manx. Germanic (from Proto-Germanic), earliest attestations in runic inscriptions from around the 2nd century AD, earliest coherent texts in Gothic, 4th century AD. Old English manuscript tradition from about the 8th century AD.
Articles relating to the Celtic languages, group of related languages descended from Proto-Celtic.They form a branch of the Indo-European language family. The term "Celtic" was first used to describe this language group by Edward Lhuyd in 1707, following Paul-Yves Pezron, who made the explicit link between the Celts described by classical writers and the Welsh and Breton languages.
Goidelic languages historically formed a dialect continuum stretching from Ireland through the Isle of Man to Scotland. There are three modern Goidelic languages: Irish (Gaeilge), Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig), and Manx (Gaelg). Manx died out as a first language in the 20th century but has since been revived to some degree. [2]
After the word 'Celtic' was rediscovered in classical texts, it was applied for the first time to the distinctive culture, history, traditions, and language of the modern Celtic nations – Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Cornwall, Brittany, and the Isle of Man. [37] 'Celt' is a modern English word, first attested in 1707 in the writing of Edward ...
The modern Brittonic languages are generally considered to all derive from a common ancestral language termed Brittonic, British, Common Brittonic, Old Brittonic or Proto-Brittonic, which is thought to have developed from Proto-Celtic or early Insular Celtic by the 6th century BC.