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Reflective practice can be an important tool in practice-based professional learning settings where people learn from their own professional experiences, rather than from formal learning or knowledge transfer. It may be the most important source of personal professional development and improvement.
Adding reflective practice, allows for consolidation of key learnings. [20] Further, for the efficacy of experiential education, the learner must be given sufficient time to process the information. [19] Experiential education informs many educational practices in schools (formal education) and out-of-school (informal education) programs.
Reflective learning is a form of education in which the student reflects upon their learning experiences. A theory about reflective learning cites it as an intentional and complex process that recognizes the role of social context and experience. [ 1 ]
Reflective: students' reflection on the meaning of what is learned. Negotiated: negotiation of goals and methods of learning between students and teachers. Critical: students appreciate different ways and means of learning the content. Complex: students compare learning tasks with complexities existing in real life and making reflective analysis.
The phrase professional learning community began to be used in the 1990s after Peter Senge's book The Fifth Discipline (1990) had popularized the idea of learning organizations, [1] [2]: 2 related to the idea of reflective practice espoused by Donald Schön in books such as The Reflective Turn: Case Studies in and on Educational Practice (1991).
Action plans and reflective activities provide the practice and modelling of critical reflection on the profession of education, and provide guidance for the teaching and learning experience. [40] Through the use of real-life examples, case studies provide the opportunity to analyze assumptions, as well as the consequences of choices and actions.
Watching the video and getting comments from colleagues and students provide teachers with an often intense "under the microscope" view of their teaching. A review of the evidence for micro-teaching, undertaken by John Hattie as part of his Visible Learning project, found it was the 6th most effective method for improving student outcomes.
SOTL necessarily builds on many past traditions in higher education, including classroom and program assessment, action research, [3] [4] [5] the reflective practice movement, peer review of teaching, traditional educational research, and faculty development efforts to enhance teaching and learning.