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A bowel resection or enterectomy (enter-+ -ectomy) is a surgical procedure in which a part of an intestine (bowel) is removed, from either the small intestine or large intestine. Often the word enterectomy is reserved for the sense of small bowel resection, in distinction from colectomy , which covers the sense of large bowel resection.
The first concepts of colon surgery were thought to have originated in the 15th century as a means to relieve obstructed bowel. The first reported ostomy, performed in 1776 by Pillore of Rouen as an attempt to circumvent blockage caused by a rectal tumor, was done at the insistence of the patient despite opposition from other doctors.
Colorectal surgery is a field in medicine dealing with disorders of the rectum, anus, and colon. [1] The field is also known as proctology , but this term is now used infrequently within medicine and is most often employed to identify practices relating to the anus and rectum in particular.
Many surgical procedure names can be broken into parts to indicate the meaning. For example, in gastrectomy, "ectomy" is a suffix meaning the removal of a part of the body. "Gastro-" means stomach. Thus, gastrectomy refers to the surgical removal of the stomach (or sections thereof).
4. Colectomy: The removal of the colon (large intestine) whole or in part. This procedure is typically done to address problems including colorectal cancer, diverticular disease, or inflammatory bowel disease. 5. Resection of the liver in part: This procedure is frequently carried out to treat liver tumors or to remove damaged liver tissue. 6.
The Hartmann's procedure with a proximal end colostomy or ileostomy is the most common operation carried out by general surgeons for management of malignant obstruction of the distal colon. During this procedure, the lesion is removed, the distal bowel closed intraperitoneally, and the proximal bowel diverted with a stoma .
A lower anterior resection, formally known as anterior resection of the rectum and colon and anterior excision of the rectum or simply anterior resection (less precise), is a common surgery for rectal cancer and occasionally is performed to remove a diseased or ruptured portion of the intestine in cases of diverticulitis.
Intestinal bypass surgery can lead to loss of weight effectively, but it can also lead to various complications that should not be neglected. About half of the patients who received this surgery need rehospitalization to manage the complications. [5] The expected outcomes and possible risks of the intestinal bypass surgery are shown as follows:
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