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Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), also known as obstetric cholestasis, cholestasis of pregnancy, jaundice of pregnancy, and prurigo gravidarum, [1] is a medical condition in which cholestasis occurs during pregnancy. [2] It typically presents with itching and can lead to complications for both mother and fetus. [2]
Furthermore, first-generation antihistamines, such as chlorpheniramine, have proven to be safe in pregnancy and can be a supplement treatment for pruritus. [9] [31] Second-generation antihistamines such as loratadine and cetirizine are non-sedating and may also be effective in controlling pruritus in pregnant people. [32]
Dermatoses of pregnancy are the inflammatory skin diseases that are specific to women while they are pregnant. [1] While some use the term 'polymorphic eruption of pregnancy' to cover these, [ 2 ] this term is a synonym used in the UK for Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy , [ 3 ] which is the commonest of these skin conditions.
Generally, diseases outlined within the ICD-10 codes O00-O99 within Chapter XV: Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium should be included in this category. v t
Prurigo gestationis is an eruption consisting of pruritic, excoriated papules of the proximal limbs and upper trunk, most often occurring between the 20th and 34th week of gestation. [3] [2] [4] [5] The exact etiology is unknown, but it is considered likely to be a flareup of atopic dermatitis during pregnancy. [6]
Unlike typical pruritic folliculitis which does not resolve on its own, pruritic folliculitis of pregnancy clears spontaneously on delivery or in postpartum period. [3] [9] [4] [10] Pruritic folliculitis of pregnancy has no mortality effects or significant adverse effects on the mother or on the fetus. [11] [12]
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Cholestatic pruritus is the sensation of itch due to nearly any liver disease, but the most commonly associated entities are primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, obstructive choledocholithiasis, carcinoma of the bile duct, cholestasis (also see drug-induced pruritus), and chronic hepatitis C viral infection and other forms of viral hepatitis.