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α-Aminobutyric acid (AABA), also known as homoalanine in biochemistry, is a non-proteinogenic alpha amino acid with chemical formula C 4 H 9 NO 2. The straight two carbon side chain is one carbon longer than alanine, hence the prefix homo-. Homoalanine is biosynthesised by transaminating oxobutyrate, a metabolite in isoleucine biosynthesis.
β-Aminobutyric acid (BABA) is an isomer of the amino acid aminobutyric acid with the chemical formula C 4 H 9 NO 2.It has two isomers, α-aminobutyric acid and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter in animals that is also found in plants, where it may play a role in signalling.
The water molecule is amphoteric in aqueous solution. It can either gain a proton to form a hydronium ion H 3 O +, or else lose a proton to form a hydroxide ion OH −. [5] Another possibility is the molecular autoionization reaction between two water molecules, in which one water molecule acts as an acid and another as a base.
The Strecker amino acid synthesis, also known simply as the Strecker synthesis, is a method for the synthesis of amino acids by the reaction of an aldehyde with cyanide in the presence of ammonia. The condensation reaction yields an α-aminonitrile, which is subsequently hydrolyzed to give the desired amino acid.
The critic acid cycle can then produce 2-oxoglutarate, which can be used to make glutamate, which can in turn be made into GABA, continuing the cycle. [ 8 ] GABA is a very important neurotransmitter in animal brains, and a low concentration of GABA in mammalian brains has been linked to several neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's ...
Schotten–Baumann reaction also refers to the conversion of acid chloride to esters. The reaction was first described in 1883 by German chemists Carl Schotten and Eugen Baumann. [1] [2] The name "Schotten–Baumann reaction conditions" often indicate the use of a two-phase solvent system, consisting of water and an organic solvent.
Formic acid (HCO 2 H) 3.75 Chloroformic acid (ClCO 2 H) 0.27 [5] Acetic acid (CH 3 CO 2 H) 4.76 Glycine (NH 2 CH 2 CO 2 H) 2.34 Fluoroacetic acid (FCH 2 CO 2 H) 2.586 Difluoroacetic acid (F 2 CHCO 2 H) 1.33 Trifluoroacetic acid (CF 3 CO 2 H) 0.23 Chloroacetic acid (ClCH 2 CO 2 H) 2.86 Dichloroacetic acid (Cl 2 CHCO 2 H) 1.29 Trichloroacetic ...
2-Aminoisobutyric acid (also known as α-aminoisobutyric acid, AIB, α-methylalanine, or 2-methylalanine) is the non-proteinogenic amino acid with the structural formula H 2 N-C(CH 3) 2-COOH. It is rare in nature, having been only found in meteorites, [ 2 ] and some antibiotics of fungal origin, such as alamethicin and some lantibiotics .