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It also is a marker of cells from the monocyte/macrophage lineage. [8] CD163 functions as innate immune sensor for gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] The receptor was discovered in 1987.
CD14 is expressed mainly by macrophages and (at 10-times lesser extent) by neutrophils.It is also expressed by dendritic cells.The soluble form of the receptor (sCD14) is secreted by the liver and monocytes and is sufficient in low concentrations to confer LPS-responsiveness to cells not expressing CD14. mCD14 and sCD14 are also present on enterocytes.
ED1 is the most widely used monoclonal antibody clone directed against the rat CD68 protein and is used to identify macrophages, Kupffer cells, osteoclasts, monocytes, and activated microglia in rat tissues. [13] [14] [15] In this species, it is expressed in most macrophage populations and thus ED1 is commonly used as a pan-macrophage marker. [16]
Using Kyte–Doolittle analysis, [25] the amino acid sequence of CD36 predicts a hydrophobic region near each end of the protein large enough to span cellular membranes.Based on this notion and the observation that CD36 is found on the surface of cells, CD36 is thought to have a 'hairpin-like' structure with α-helices at the C- and N- termini projecting through the membrane and a larger ...
Macrophages also play a role in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Like T cells, macrophages can be infected with HIV, and even become a reservoir of ongoing virus replication throughout the body. HIV can enter the macrophage through binding of gp120 to CD4 and second membrane receptor, CCR5 (a chemokine receptor).
Regulatory macrophages (Mregs) represent a subset of anti-inflammatory macrophages. In general, macrophages are a very dynamic and plastic cell type and can be divided into two main groups: classically activated macrophages (M1) and alternatively activated macrophages (M2). [1] M2 group can further be divided into sub-groups M2a, M2b, M2c, and ...
EMR1 expression in human is restricted to eosinophils and is a specific marker for these cells. [14] The murine homolog of EMR1, F4/80, is a well-known and widely used marker of murine macrophage populations.
17064 Ensembl ENSG00000125810 ENSMUSG00000027435 UniProt Q9NPY3 O89103 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_012072 NM_010740 RefSeq (protein) NP_036204 NP_034870 Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 23.08 – 23.09 Mb Chr 2: 148.28 – 148.29 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse CD93 (C luster of D ifferentiation 93) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD93 gene. CD93 is a C-type lectin ...
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