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A metal ion in aqueous solution or aqua ion is a cation, dissolved in water, of chemical formula [M(H 2 O) n] z+. The solvation number , n , determined by a variety of experimental methods is 4 for Li + and Be 2+ and 6 for most elements in periods 3 and 4 of the periodic table .
When a salt of a metal ion, with the generic formula MX n, is dissolved in water, it will dissociate into a cation and anions. [citation needed]+ + (aq) signifies that the ion is aquated, with cations having a chemical formula [M(H 2 O) p] q+ and anions whose state of aquation is generally unknown.
Metallic bonding is a type of chemical bonding that arises from the electrostatic attractive force between conduction electrons (in the form of an electron cloud of delocalized electrons) and positively charged metal ions. It may be described as the sharing of free electrons among a structure of positively charged ions .
They are lustrous metals with good electrical and thermal conductivity. Most (with the exception of group 11 and group 12) are hard and strong, and have high melting and boiling temperatures. They form compounds in any of two or more different oxidation states and bind to a variety of ligands to form coordination complexes that
Chelation (/ k iː ˈ l eɪ ʃ ən /) is a type of bonding of ions and their molecules to metal ions. It involves the formation or presence of two or more separate coordinate bonds between a polydentate (multiple bonded) ligand and a single central metal atom. [1] [2] These ligands are called chelants, chelators, chelating agents, or ...
[65] [82]: 126–127 While it was previously thought that the heavier alkali metals also formed octahedral hexaaqua ions, it has since been found that potassium and rubidium probably form the [K(H 2 O) 8] + and [Rb(H 2 O) 8] + ions, which have the square antiprismatic structure, and that caesium forms the 12-coordinate [Cs(H 2 O) 12] + ion.
In the rock salt lattice, each sodium ion (purple sphere) has an electrostatic interaction with its eight nearest-neighbour chloride ions (green spheres) Ionic compounds in the solid state form lattice structures. The two principal factors in determining the form of the lattice are the relative charges of the ions and their relative sizes.
Structure of an octahedral metal aquo complex. Chromium(II) ion in aqueous solution. Most aquo complexes are mono-nuclear, with the general formula [M(H 2 O) 6] n+, with n = 2 or 3; they have an octahedral structure. The water molecules function as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the metal ion and forming a dative covalent bond ...