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Categorizing trees into hardwood and softwood is the easiest way to characterize types of paper produced from pulpwood. [ 1 ] Hardwoods are raw material that are preferred for pulp used in printing papers.
Pulp is a fibrous lignocellulosic material prepared by chemically, ... By 2024 this price had recovered to $1315/ton. [43] See also. Nanocellulose; Paper chemicals;
Northern bleached softwood kraft (NBSK) is the paper industry's benchmark grade of pulp. Market NBSK is produced mainly in Canada and the Nordic countries. Some NBSK is also produced in north-western United States and in Russia. NBSK futures are traded on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange.
The range of prices is typically between US$18 to US$30 per (wet)-ton delivered. [43] In 2006, prices were US$15 and US$30 per wet-ton in the northeast. [44] In the 20 years leading up to 2008, prices have fluctuated between US$60–70/oven-dry metric ton (odmt) in the southern states, and between US$60/odmt and US$160/odmt in the Northwest. [45]
Dissolving pulp is mainly produced chemically from pulpwood in a process that has a low yield (30 - 35% of the wood). This makes up of about 85 - 88% of the production. [2] Dissolving pulp is made from the sulfite process or the kraft process with an acid prehydrolysis step to remove hemicelluloses. For the highest quality, it should be derived ...
In the narrow sense of the terms, wood, forest, forestry and timber/lumber industry appear to point to different sectors, in the industrialized, internationalized world, there is a tendency toward huge integrated businesses that cover the complete spectrum from silviculture and forestry in private primary or secondary forests or plantations via the logging process up to wood processing and ...
The pulp and paper industry consumes a significant amount of water and energy and produces wastewater with a high concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD), among other contaminants. [14] Recent studies underline coagulation as an appropriate pre-treatment of pulp and paper industrial wastewater and as a cost-effective solution for the ...
Southern bleached softwood kraft (SBSK) is a wood pulp mainly produced in the southern USA. The main raw materials are slash pine , longleaf pine , shortleaf pine , loblolly pine and virginia pine .
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