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The ultimate consequence of cytotoxic edema is the oncotic death of neurons. [1] The swelling of the individual cells of the brain is the main distinguishing characteristic of cytotoxic edema, as opposed to vasogenic edema, wherein the influx of fluid is typically seen in the interstitial space rather than within the cells themselves. [20]
Closed-head injury is a type of traumatic brain injury in which the skull and dura mater remain intact. Closed-head injuries are the leading cause of death in children under 4 years old and the most common cause of physical disability and cognitive impairment in young people.
The side-effects of a brain injury depend on location and the body's response to injury. [49] Even a mild concussion can have long term effects that may not resolve. [50] Another misconception is that children heal better from brain damage. Children are at greater risk for injury due to lack of maturity. It makes future development hard to predict.
In children aged two to four, falls are the most common cause of TBI, while in older children traffic accidents compete with falls for this position. [57] TBI is the third most common injury to result from child abuse. [58] Abuse causes 19% of cases of pediatric brain trauma, and the death rate is higher among these cases. [59]
Neurological collapse can occur within a short period, [12] with rapid onset of dilating pupils, loss of eye movement, unconsciousness, and respiratory failure. [11] Failure of the brain stem frequently occurs between two and five minutes after the second impact, [1] [2] [11] and death can follow shortly. [8]
Pediatric acquired brain injury (PABI) is the number one cause of death and disability for children and young adults in the United States." [ citation needed ] and affects mostly children ages (6-10) and adolescent ages (11-17) around the world.
The cause of death: cerebral edema, a swelling of the brain brought on after Lee had taken too much aspirin." It also mentioned that toward the end of his life, Lee had suffered "several public ...
Brain scan, done by MRI, can determine inflammation and differentiate from other possible causes. EEG , in monitoring brain activity, encephalitis will produce abnormal signal. Lumbar puncture (spinal tap), this helps determine via a test using the cerebral-spinal fluid, obtained from the lumbar region.