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Acute promyelocytic leukemia is characterized by a chromosomal translocation involving the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) gene on chromosome 17. [3] In 95% of cases of APL, the RARA gene on chromosome 17 is involved in a reciprocal translocation with the promyelocytic leukemia gene (PML) on chromosome 15, a translocation denoted as t(15;17)(q22;q21). [3]
All subtypes except acute promyelocytic leukemia are usually given induction chemotherapy with cytarabine and an anthracycline such as daunorubicin or idarubicin. [60] This induction chemotherapy regimen is known as " 7+3 " (or "3+7"), because the cytarabine is given as a continuous IV infusion for seven consecutive days while the anthracycline ...
Arsenic trioxide is intended for the induction of remission and consolidation in adult patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia who have the t(15;17) translocation and/or the PML/RARα gene. The drug should be used after treatment failure or relapse. Prior therapy should include retinoid and chemotherapy. [70]
The prevalence of this gene in the developing immune system leaves it subject to possible defects, the most common of which is a condition known as acute promyeloid leukemia (APL), caused by a somatic mutation described by the fusion of RARA and the PML gene located on chromosome 15. [13]
Acute leukemia or acute leukaemia is a family of serious medical conditions relating to an original diagnosis of leukemia. In most cases, these can be classified according to the lineage, myeloid or lymphoid , of the malignant cells that grow uncontrolled, but some are mixed and for those such an assignment is not possible.
APL leukemia causes “life-threatening” coagulopathies, impairing the body’s ability to form clots to stop bleeding, said Dr. Ryan Denley, an oncologist based at the Dyson Center for Cancer ...
Large granular lymphocytic leukemia may involve either T-cells or NK cells; like hairy cell leukemia, which involves solely B cells, it is a rare and indolent (not aggressive) leukemia. [26] Adult T-cell leukemia is caused by human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV), a virus similar to HIV. Like HIV, HTLV infects CD4+ T-cells and replicates within ...
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