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Heat causes electrons to move around and distort the current in the fMRI detector, producing thermal noise. Thermal noise rises with the temperature. It also depends on the range of frequencies detected by the receiver coil and its electrical resistance.
Resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI or R-fMRI), also referred to as task-independent fMRI or task-free fMRI, is a method of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) that is used in brain mapping to evaluate regional interactions that occur in a resting or task-negative state, when an explicit task is not being performed.
This is most marked with high-field machines, [40] and rapid-imaging techniques in which sound pressure levels may reach 120 dB(A) (equivalent to a jet engine at take-off), [41] and therefore, appropriate ear protection is essential for anyone inside the MRI scanner room during the examination. [42]
Within fMRI methodology, there are two different ways that are typically employed to present stimuli. One method is a block related design, in which two or more different conditions are alternated in order to determine the differences between the two conditions, or a control may be included in the presentation occurring between the two conditions.
Typically in MRS a single spectrum is acquired by averaging enough spectra over a long acquisition time. [8] Averaging is necessary because of the complex spectral structures and relatively low concentrations of many brain metabolites, which result in a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in MRS of a living brain.
One particular method used in recent research is resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, rs-fMRI. In a 'reformulation' of the binary-risk vulnerability model, researchers have suggested a multiple-hit hypothesis that utilizes several risk factors — some bestowing a greater probability than others — to identify at-risk ...
The torsional deflection of a simple cylinder cannot radiate efficiently acoustic noise, but with particular boundary conditions the stator can radiate acoustic noise under torque ripple excitation. [8] Structure-borne noise can also be generated by torque ripple when rotor shaft line vibrations propagate to the frame [9] and shaft line.
Contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) [1] is a measure used to determine image quality. CNR is similar to the metric signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), but subtracts a term before taking the ratio. This is important when there is a significant bias in an image, such as from haze. [ 2 ]