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Bowel obstruction, also known as intestinal obstruction, is a mechanical or functional obstruction of the intestines which prevents the normal movement of the products of digestion. [2] [5] Either the small bowel or large bowel may be affected. [1] Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, vomiting, bloating and not passing gas. [1]
Small intestine(at center) Distal intestinal obstruction syndrome ( DIOS ) involves obstruction of the distal part of the small intestines by thickened intestinal content and occurs in about 20% of mainly adult individuals with cystic fibrosis . [ 1 ]
It refers to the appearance of multiple, dilated small bowel loops arranged in a step-like configuration, typically visible in upright or lateral decubitus imaging positions. This sign is indicative of bowel obstruction and is used to identify and localize the site of obstruction, aiding in diagnosis and management. [1]
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), also termed bacterial overgrowth, or small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SBBOS), is a disorder of excessive bacterial growth in the small intestine. Unlike the colon (or large bowel), which is rich with bacteria, the small bowel usually has fewer than 100,000 organisms per millilitre. [1]
On CT imaging, the small bowel feces sign appears as a mottled, mixed-density pattern within a distended small bowel loop. It is typically located proximal to the site of obstruction and is often accompanied by other features of small bowel obstruction, such as: [5] Dilated bowel loops: Loops proximal to the obstruction exhibit dilation (>2.5-3 ...
Initial management involves fluid resuscitation and potentially nasogastric suctioning. [1] Since gallstone ileus constitutes a form of mechanical small bowel obstruction, it can be a surgical emergency and requires open or laparoscopic surgery to remove an impacted stone. [1]
Acupuncture is used to treat inflammatory bowel disease in China, and is being used more frequently in Western society. [38] Evidence has been put forth suggesting that acupuncture can have benefits beyond the placebo effect, improving quality of life, general well-being and a small decrease in blood-bound inflammatory markers. [38]
Studies demonstrated that the 44% mortality rate for patients treated for intestinal obstruction between 1917 and 1928 declined to 20% in the years 1927–1937. [6] The technique became, and remains, standard practice for the initial management of small bowel obstruction in the context of previous abdominal surgery.