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The Richter scale [1] (/ ˈ r ɪ k t ər /), also called the Richter magnitude scale, Richter's magnitude scale, and the Gutenberg–Richter scale, [2] is a measure of the strength of earthquakes, developed by Charles Richter in collaboration with Beno Gutenberg, and presented in Richter's landmark 1935 paper, where he called it the "magnitude scale". [3]
Much of an earthquake's total energy as measured by M w is dissipated as friction (resulting in heating of the crust). [52] An earthquake's potential to cause strong ground shaking depends on the comparatively small fraction of energy radiated as seismic waves, and is better measured on the energy magnitude scale, M e. [53]
As a result, earthquakes previously rated as intensity 4 might now be rated as intensity 5 or 6, and quakes that would not have been recorded might now be recorded as intensity 3 or 4. This indicates a lighter "weight" in the current intensity scale, leading to a significant increase in earthquake reports and generally higher intensity readings.
At the beginning of the twentieth century, very little was known about how earthquakes happen, how seismic waves are generated and propagate through the Earth's crust, and what information they carry about the earthquake rupture process; the first magnitude scales were therefore empirical. [5]
Earthquake magnitudes are based on data from the USGS. Seismic activity during the year 2024 was much lower than the rest of the 21st century, with only 100 earthquakes exceeding magnitude six, the lowest since 1982. [1] There were also no earthquakes exceeding ≥M8 for the third year in a row.
Anyone who felt the earthquakes can report them to ... The state Department of Health and Environmental Control said that mining activity is not likely to be the ... 1.4. 2.9. Jan. 11/Elgin. 1.7. 5.4.
Differences in the crust underlying North America east of the Rocky Mountains makes that area more sensitive to earthquakes. Shown here: the 1895 New Madrid earthquake, M ~6, was felt through most of the central U.S., while the 1994 Northridge quake, though almost ten times stronger at M 6.7, was felt only in southern California.
This was the fifth earthquake recorded in South ... Anyone who felt tremors and shaking or heard rumbling from Tuesday night’s earthquake can report it to ... 2.4. 2.4. Feb. 28/Elgin. 1.3. 2.5.