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Both the C# extension methods and the Java default methods allow a class to override the default implementation of the extension/default method, respectively. In both languages this override is achieved by defining a method on the class that should use an alternate implementation of the method.
The overridden base method must be virtual, abstract, or override. In addition to the modifiers that are used for method overriding, C# allows the hiding of an inherited property or method. This is done using the same signature of a property or method but adding the modifier new in front of it. [6] In the above example, hiding causes the following:
A common example is the iostream library in C++, which uses the << or >> operators for the message passing, sending multiple data to the same object and allowing "manipulators" for other method calls. Other early examples include the Garnet system (from 1988 in Lisp) and the Amulet system (from 1994 in C++) which used this style for object ...
Versioning: A method may be declared to throw exceptions X and Y. In a later version of the code, one cannot throw exception Z from the method, because it would make the new code incompatible with the earlier uses. Checked exceptions require the method's callers to either add Z to their throws clause or handle the exception.
The process of removing data clumps runs the risk of creating a different type of code smell (a data class, which is a class that only stores data and does not have any methods for actually operating on the data); however, the creation of the class will encourage the programmer to see functionality that might be included here as well.
For instance, in C#, the base method or property can only be overridden in a subclass if it is marked with the virtual, abstract, or override modifier, while in programming languages such as Java, different methods can be called to override other methods. [15] An alternative to overriding is hiding the inherited code.
Similar to C#, a Java extension method is declared static in an @Extension class where the first argument has the same type as the extended class and is annotated with @This. Alternatively, the Fluent plugin allows calling any static method as an extension method without using annotations, as long as the method signature matches.
C# can be considered as similar to Java, in terms of its language features and basic syntax: Java has JVM, C# has .Net Framework; Java has bytecode, C# has MSIL; Java has no pointers (real memory) support, C# is the same. Regarding the final keyword, C# has two related keywords: The equivalent keyword for methods and classes is sealed