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Cefalexin is a useful alternative to penicillins in patients with penicillin intolerance. For example, penicillin is the treatment of choice for respiratory tract infections caused by Streptococcus , but cefalexin may be used as an alternative in penicillin-intolerant patients. [ 4 ]
Penicillin molecules are small enough to pass through the spaces of glycoproteins in the cell wall. For this reason Gram-positive bacteria are very susceptible to penicillin (as first evidenced by the discovery of penicillin in 1928 [46]). [47] Penicillin, or any other molecule, enters Gram-negative bacteria in a different manner. The bacteria ...
Clarithromycin is primarily used to treat a number of bacterial infections including pneumonia, Helicobacter pylori, and as an alternative to penicillin in strep throat. [3] Other uses include cat scratch disease and other infections due to Bartonella, cryptosporidiosis, as a second line agent in Lyme disease and toxoplasmosis. [3]
Phenoxymethylpenicillin, also known as penicillin V (PcV) and penicillin VK, is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. [2] Specifically it is used for the treatment of strep throat, otitis media, and cellulitis. [2] It is also used to prevent rheumatic fever and to prevent infections following removal of the ...
The β-lactam core structures. (A) A penam.(B) A carbapenam.(C) An oxapenam.(D) A penem.(E) A carbapenem.(F) A monobactam.(G) A cephem.(H) A carbacephem.(I) An oxacephem. This is a list of common β-lactam antibiotics—both administered drugs and those not in clinical use—organized by structural class.
Lincosamides are often used clinically as an alternative antibiotic for patients who are allergic to penicillin. Of the lincosamides, clindamycin is most commonly used within the clinic due to its higher bioavailability, higher oral absorption and efficacy within the target organism spectrum. [ 23 ]
For outpatient treatment, oral antibiotics or those with less frequent dosing may be prescribed. [31] As an effective alternative to penicillin and spectinomycin, and replacement for methicillin, cefoxitin is used to treat gonorrhea in both men and women with few side effects. [32]
Ticarcillin's antibiotic properties arise from its ability to prevent cross-linking of peptidoglycan during cell wall synthesis, when the bacteria try to divide, causing cell death. [citation needed] Ticarcillin, like penicillin, contains a β-lactam ring that can be cleaved by β-lactamases, resulting in inactivation of the antibiotic. Those ...
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