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A fluidized bed reactor (FBR) is a type of reactor device that can be used to carry out a variety of multiphase chemical reactions. In this type of reactor, a fluid (gas or liquid) is passed through a solid granular material (usually a catalyst) at high enough speeds to suspend the solid and cause it to behave as though it were a fluid.
In designing a circulating fluidized bed, with constant temperature distribution for either endothermic or exothermic reactions, in order to determine the appropriate design for cooling or heating of the circulating fluidized bed reactors, a good approximation of heat transfer rates are necessary for better control so that the reactor can ...
Mechanically Fluidized Reactor (MFR): A mechanical stirrer is used to mobilize particles and achieve properties similar to that a well-mixed fluidized bed. It does not require fluidization gas. [7] Narrow fluidized beds (NFB): For this case, the ratio between the tube and the grain diameters is equal or less than around 10. The dynamics of the ...
The fluidized catalyst particles are shuttled between the fluidized bed reactor and a fluidized bed burner where the coke deposits are burned off, generating heat for the endothermic cracking reaction. By the 1950s, fluidized bed technology was being applied to mineral and metallurgical processes such as drying, calcining, and sulfide roasting.
An annular fluidized bed (AFB) can have a wide range of applications due to its ability to be used in conjunction with other fluidized bed type. [2] The AFB is ideal for applications that require a fast and efficient heat and mass transfer with intense mixing. These applications can range from dryers, heat exchangers, heaters, coolers and reactors.
Ebullated bed reactors are a type of fluidized bed reactor that utilizes ebullition, or bubbling, to achieve appropriate distribution of reactants and catalysts.The ebullated-bed technology utilizes a three-phase reactor (liquid, vapor, and catalyst), and is most applicable for exothermic reactions and for feedstocks which are difficult to process in fixed-bed or plug flow reactors due to high ...
To calculate the pressure drop in a given reactor, the following equation may be deduced: = + | |. This arrangement of the Ergun equation makes clear its close relationship to the simpler Kozeny-Carman equation, which describes laminar flow of fluids across packed beds via the first term on the right hand side.
Fluidized bed combustion (FBC) is a combustion technology used to burn solid fuels. In its most basic form, fuel particles are suspended in a hot, bubbling fluidity bed of ash and other particulate materials ( sand , limestone etc.) through which jets of air are blown to provide the oxygen required for combustion or gasification.