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A fine root is most commonly defined as a plant root that is two millimeters or less in diameter. [1] Fine roots may function in acquisition of soil resources (eg. nutrients, water) and/or resource transport, making them functionally most analogous to the leaves and twigs in a plant's shoot system. [1]
Nutrients in the soil are taken up by the plant through its roots, and in particular its root hairs.To be taken up by a plant, a nutrient element must be located near the root surface; however, the supply of nutrients in contact with the root is rapidly depleted within a distance of ca. 2 mm. [14] There are three basic mechanisms whereby nutrient ions dissolved in the soil solution are brought ...
Soil structure affects aeration, water movement, conduction of heat, plant root growth and resistance to erosion. [26] Water, in turn, has a strong effect on soil structure, directly via the dissolution and precipitation of minerals, the mechanical destruction of aggregates [27] and indirectly by promoting plant, animal and microbial growth.
The competition between plants due to released exudates is dependent upon geometrical properties, which determine the capacity of interception of exudates from any point on the plant’s roots, and physicochemical properties, which determine the capacity of each root to take up exudates in the area. [27]
The correct environment of air, mineral nutrients and water directs plant roots to grow in any direction to meet the plant's needs. Roots will shy or shrink away from dry [22] or other poor soil conditions. Gravitropism directs roots to grow downward at germination, the growth mechanism of plants that also causes the shoot to grow upward. [23]
Plant roots with their symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi are also able to extract nutrients from rocks. [4] New soils increase in depth by a combination of weathering and further deposition. The soil production rate due to weathering is approximately 1/10 mm per year. [5] New soils can also deepen from dust deposition.
The plant has an adventitious, dense, fibrous root system that develops aerial roots at nodes near the soil surface. [5] The flowers of Zea mays are monoecious and are born in separate parts of the plant. [5] The female flower, or ear, is an inflorescence that develops from axillary bud apices several nodes below the stem apex. [5]
Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikimedia Commons; ... Pages in category "Plant roots" The following 33 pages are in this category, out of 33 ...