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  2. Hindustani phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_phonology

    Among the close vowels, what in Sanskrit are thought to have been primarily distinctions of vowel length (that is /i, iː/ and /u, uː/), have become in Hindustani distinctions of quality, or length accompanied by quality (that is, /ɪ, iː/ and /ʊ, uː/). [7]

  3. Hindustani orthography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_orthography

    The Urdu alphabet is based on the Persian, which is an Arabic alphabet. Urdu is written from right to left, and most letters link together. This leads to variations in the form of a letter depending on its position in a word. Most vowels are omitted in generic texts, although they may be written for disambiguation or for pedagogical purposes.

  4. Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Hindi_and_Urdu

    It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Hindi and Urdu in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first.

  5. Chandrabindu - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandrabindu

    Chandrabindu (IAST: candrabindu, lit. ' moon dot ' in Sanskrit) is a diacritic sign with the form of a dot inside the lower half of a circle. It is used in the Devanagari (ँ), Bengali-Assamese (ঁ), Gujarati (ઁ), Odia (ଁ), Tamil ( 𑌁 Extension used from Grantha), Telugu (ఁ), Kannada ( ಁ), Malayalam ( ഁ), Sinhala ( ඁ), Javanese ( ꦀ) and other scripts.

  6. Devanagari Braille - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devanagari_Braille

    However, unlike in an abugida, there are no vowel diacritics in Devanagari Braille: Vowels are written with full letters following the consonant regardless of their order in print. For example, in print the vowel i is prefixed to a consonant in a reduced diacritic form, कि ki , but in braille it follows in its full form: ⠅ ⠊ ( K–I ...

  7. Bharati Braille - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharati_Braille

    Bharati braille (/ ˈ b ɑːr ə t i / BAR-ə-tee), or Bharatiya Braille (Hindi: भारती ब्रेल bhāratī brēl IPA: [bʱaːɾət̪iː bɾɛːl] "Indian braille"), is a largely unified braille script for writing the languages of India. When India gained independence, eleven braille scripts were in use, in different parts of the ...

  8. Devanagari (Unicode block) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devanagari_(Unicode_block)

    Devanagari is a Unicode block containing characters for writing languages such as Hindi, Marathi, Bodo, Maithili, Sindhi, Nepali, and Sanskrit, among others.In its original incarnation, the code points U+0900..U+0954 were a direct copy of the characters A0-F4 from the 1988 ISCII standard.

  9. Devanagari - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devanagari

    Unlike the Latin alphabet, the script has no concept of letter case. [15] It is written from left to right, has a strong preference for symmetrical rounded shapes within squared outlines, and is recognisable by a horizontal line, known as a शिरोरेखा śirorekhā , that runs along the top of full letters. [ 8 ]