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Potassium hydroxide preparation is recommended by some to help distinguish between the harmless and the pathogenic forms, and thereby highlight which cases of angular cheilitis are truly caused by Candida. [2] The mouth may act as a reservoir of Candida that reinfects the sores at the corners of the mouth and prevents the sores from healing.
Signs and symptoms may include: Persistent or recurrent enlargement of the lips, causing them to protrude. If recurrent, the interval during which the lips are enlarged may be weeks or months. The enlargement can cause midline fissuring of the lip ("median cheilitis") or angular cheilitis (sores at the corner of the
The inflammation may include the perioral skin (the skin around the mouth), the vermilion border, or the labial mucosa. [1] The skin and the vermilion border are more commonly involved, as the mucosa is less affected by inflammatory and allergic reactions. [1] Cheilitis is a general term, and there are many recognized types and different causes.
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Signs and symptoms are dependent upon the type of oral candidiasis. Often, apart from the appearance of the lesions, there are usually no other signs or symptoms. Most types of oral candidiasis are painless, but a burning sensation may occur in some cases. [8] Candidiasis can, therefore, sometimes be misdiagnosed as burning mouth syndrome.
Oral symptoms can be similar to lesions occurring elsewhere in the digestive tract, with a pattern of swelling, inflammation, ulcers, and fissures. If these signs are present, then patients are more likely to also have anal and esophageal lesions and experience other extra-intestinal disease manifestations. [ 2 ]
There is a similarity between this appearance and that of hairy leukoplakia, linea alba and leukoedema. [2] In people with human immunodeficiency virus , who are at higher risk of oral hairy leukoplakia, a tissue biopsy may be required to differentiate between this and frictional keratosis from cheek and tongue chewing.