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The restoration of pigment may be aided by topical application of 0.1% 8-methoxypsoralen, 0.5–1% coal tar, or anthralin, followed by sun exposure. [9] With good outcomes, different topical photochemotherapy regimens (topical psoralen UVA; PUVA) have been utilized to treat postinflammatory hypopigmentation brought on by a variety of illnesses. [2]
Vitiligo (/ ˌ v ɪ t ɪ ˈ l aɪ ɡ oʊ /, vi-ti-leye-goh) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that causes patches of skin to lose pigment or color. [1] The cause of vitiligo is unknown, but it may be related to immune system changes, genetic factors, stress, or sun exposure. [5] [6] Treatment options include topical medications, light therapy ...
The pigment loss can be partial (injury to the skin) or complete (caused by vitiligo). It can be temporary (from tinea versicolor) or permanent (from albinism). [1] Most commonly, depigmentation of the skin is linked to people born with vitiligo, which produces differing areas of light and dark skin. Monobenzone also causes skin depigmentation.
Immunodermatology studies skin as an organ of immunity in health and disease. Several areas have special attention, such as photo-immunology (effects of UV light on skin defense), inflammatory diseases such as Hidradenitis suppurativa, allergic contact dermatitis and atopic eczema, presumably autoimmune skin diseases such as vitiligo and psoriasis, and finally the immunology of microbial skin ...
Pigmentation disorders are disturbances of human skin color. [1] There may be a loss or reduction, which may be related to loss of melanocytes or the inability of melanocytes to produce melanin or transport melanosomes correctly. [1] Most pigmentation disorders involve the underproduction or overproduction of melanin. [2] [3]
The convalescent phase is characterized by gradual tissue depigmentation of skin with vitiligo and poliosis, sometimes with nummular depigmented scars, as well as alopecia and diffuse fundus depigmentation resulting in a classic orange-red discoloration ("sunset glow fundus" [5] [8] [7]) and retinal pigment epithelium clumping and/or migration.
Nevus depigmentosus is a loss of pigment in the skin which can be easily differentiated from vitiligo. Although age factor has not much involvement in the nevus depigmentosus but in about 19% of the cases these are noted at birth. Their size may however grow in proportion to growth of the body.
Poliosis is present in half of patients with segmental vitiligo. [ 5 ] Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome (VKH): VKH is a systemic autoimmune disorder affecting melanin-containing tissues, leading to uveitis , meningitis , and poliosis, which often involves the eyebrows and eyelashes.