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  2. Positional notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positional_notation

    Before positional notation became standard, simple additive systems (sign-value notation) such as Roman numerals or Chinese numerals were used, and accountants in the past used the abacus or stone counters to do arithmetic until the introduction of positional notation. [4] Chinese rod numerals; Upper row vertical form Lower row horizontal form

  3. Position (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Position_(geometry)

    In geometry, a position or position vector, also known as location vector or radius vector, is a Euclidean vector that represents a point P in space. Its length represents the distance in relation to an arbitrary reference origin O , and its direction represents the angular orientation with respect to given reference axes.

  4. Notation system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notation_system

    Positional notation also known as place-value notation, in which each position is related to the next by a multiplier which is called the base of that numeral system Binary notation, a positional notation in base two; Octal notation, a positional notation in base eight, used in some computers; Decimal notation, a positional notation in base ten

  5. Coordinate system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinate_system

    In geometry and kinematics, coordinate systems are used to describe the (linear) position of points and the angular position of axes, planes, and rigid bodies. [16] In the latter case, the orientation of a second (typically referred to as "local") coordinate system, fixed to the node, is defined based on the first (typically referred to as ...

  6. List of numeral systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_numeral_systems

    "A base is a natural number B whose powers (B multiplied by itself some number of times) are specially designated within a numerical system." [1]: 38 The term is not equivalent to radix, as it applies to all numerical notation systems (not just positional ones with a radix) and most systems of spoken numbers. [1]

  7. Wyckoff positions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyckoff_positions

    The Wyckoff positions are named after Ralph Wyckoff, an American X-ray crystallographer who authored several books in the field.His 1922 book, The Analytical Expression of the Results of the Theory of Space Groups, [3] contained tables with the positional coordinates, both general and special, permitted by the symmetry elements.

  8. Orientation (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orientation_(geometry)

    For example, the orientation in space of a line, line segment, or vector can be specified with only two values, for example two direction cosines. Another example is the position of a point on the Earth, often described using the orientation of a line joining it with the Earth's center, measured using the two angles of longitude and latitude.

  9. Glossary of mathematical symbols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_mathematical...

    Functional notation: if the first is the name (symbol) of a function, denotes the value of the function applied to the expression between the parentheses; for example, (), ⁡ (+). In the case of a multivariate function , the parentheses contain several expressions separated by commas, such as f ( x , y ) {\displaystyle f(x,y)} .

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