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An urban area [a] is a human settlement with a high population density and an infrastructure of built environment. This is the core of a metropolitan statistical area in the United States, if it contains a population of more than 50,000. [1] Urban areas originate through urbanization, and researchers categorize them as cities, towns ...
Urban science is an interdisciplinary field that studies diverse urban issues and problems. Based on research findings of various disciplines such as history, economics, sociology, administration, architecture, urban engineering, transportation engineering, landscape architecture, environmental engineering, and geo-informatics, it aims to produce both theoretical and practical knowledge that ...
The urban heat island is a phenomenon in which central regions of urban centers exhibit higher mean temperatures than surrounding urban areas. [39] Much of this effect can be attributed to low city albedo , the reflecting power of a surface, and the increased surface area of buildings to absorb solar radiation. [ 21 ]
Urban studies. Urban studies is based on the study of the urban development of cities and regions—it makes up the theory portion of the field of urban planning. This includes studying the history of city development from an architectural point of view, to the impact of urban design on community development efforts. [1]
Urban geography is the subdiscipline of geography that derives from a study of cities and urban processes. Urban geographers and urbanists [1] examine various aspects of urban life and the built environment. Scholars, activists, and the public have participated in, studied, and critiqued flows of economic and natural resources, human and non ...
Cities are also one of the most vulnerable parts of the human society to the effects of climate change, [3] and likely one of the most important solutions for reducing the environmental impact of humans. [4][2][3] The UN projects that 68% of the world population will live in urban areas by 2050. [5] In the year 2016, 31 mega-cities reported ...
Science fair. A science fair or engineering fair is an event hosted by a school that offers students the opportunity to experience the practices of science and engineering for themselves. In the United States, the Next Generation Science Standards makes experiencing the practices of science and engineering one of the three pillars of science ...
e. Urban economics is broadly the economic study of urban areas; as such, it involves using the tools of economics to analyze urban issues such as crime, education, public transit, housing, and local government finance. More specifically, it is a branch of microeconomics that studies the urban spatial structure and the location of households ...