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  2. Lipodermatosclerosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipodermatosclerosis

    In advanced lipodermatosclerosis the proximal leg swells from chronic venous obstruction and the lower leg shrinks from chronic ulceration and fat necrosis resulting in the inverted coke bottle appearance of the lower leg. [7] Lipodermatosclerosis is most commonly diagnosed in middle-aged women. [3]

  3. Telangiectasia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telangiectasia

    Dilated blood vessels can also develop on the legs, although when they occur on the legs, they often have underlying venous reflux or "hidden varicose veins" (see Venous hypertension section below). When found on the legs, they are found specifically on the upper thigh, below the knee joint and around the ankles.

  4. Esophageal achalasia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esophageal_achalasia

    1st stage – 2–3 cm dilated, 2nd stage – 4–5 cm dilated, bird beak looking, 3rd stage – 5–7 cm, dilated 4th / Late-stage – 8+ cm dilated, sigmoid: Causes: Unknown: Risk factors: Inconclusive, but possibly: history of autoimmune disorders, air-hunger that accompanies anxiety, faulty eating habits, improper diet: Diagnostic method

  5. Plantar fibromatosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantar_fibromatosis

    Plantar fascial fibromatosis, also known as Ledderhose's disease, Morbus Ledderhose, and plantar fibromatosis, is a relatively uncommon [2] non-malignant thickening of the feet's deep connective tissue, or fascia. In the beginning, where nodules start growing in the fascia of the foot, the disease is minor.

  6. Dural ectasia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dural_ectasia

    Dural ectasia can be asymptomatic, in which case no intervention is necessary. However, it is associated with chronic pain in patients with Marfan syndrome, suggesting it is a structural risk factor. [20] There is no medical consensus on how to manage symptomatic (painful) dural ectasia.

  7. Lymphatic malformations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphatic_malformations

    Rhythmic contractions increase the intramural pressure, causing dilated channels to come from the walls of the cisterns toward the skin. He suggested that the vesicles seen in lymphangioma circumscriptum are outpouchings of these dilated projecting vessels. Lymphatic and radiographic studies support Whimsters observations.

  8. Cervical weakness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_weakness

    [3] In cases of cervical weakness, dilation and effacement of the cervix may occur without pain or uterine contractions. In a normal pregnancy, dilation and effacement occurs in response to uterine contractions. Cervical weakness becomes a problem when the cervix is pushed to open by the growing pressure in the uterus as pregnancy progresses.

  9. Superficial thrombophlebitis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superficial_thrombophlebitis

    A fourfold increased incidence from the third to the eight decade in men and a preponderance among women of approximately 55-70%. [24] The average mean age of affected patients is 60 years. [16] Thrombophlebitis can develop along the arm, back, or neck veins, the leg is by far the most common site.