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Trichoderma narcissi (Tochinai & Shimada) Tochinai & Shimada, (1931) Trichoderma harzianum is a fungus that is also used as a fungicide . It is used for foliar application, seed treatment and soil treatment for suppression of fungal pathogens causing various fungal plant diseases.
The species T. aggressivum (formerly T. harzianum biotype 4) has been found to infect button mushrooms. [10] [11] Trichoderma spp. can also be pathogenic to plants. Trichoderma viride is the causal agent of green mold rot of onion. [12] A strain of Trichoderma viride is a known cause of dieback of Pinus nigra seedlings. [13]
Biological control or biocontrol is a method of controlling pests, whether pest animals such as insects and mites, weeds, or pathogens affecting animals or plants by using other organisms. [1] It relies on predation , parasitism , herbivory , or other natural mechanisms, but typically also involves an active human management role.
Trichoderma atroviride is a filamentous fungal species commonly found in the soil. [1] This fungal species is of particular interest to researchers due to the plethora of secondary metabolites it makes which are used in industry [ 1 ] The genus Trichoderma is known for its ubiquity in almost all soils and being easy to culture.
This is a list of binomial names in the fungal genus Trichoderma Pers. (1801) (in the family of Hypocreaceae), with just accepted species and not including synonyms. 'Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa' by Wijayawardene et al. lists up to (400+) species (in 2020), [1] and around 466 records are listed by Species Fungorum (with up to 12 former species).
Biological control agents include the bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter cloacae, Streptomyces griseoviridis, and the fungi Candida oleophila, Gliocladium catenulatum, Trichoderma harzianum, and T. virens. [13] [14] Effective resistance in the plant host is generally not available.
Apart from pathogenic fungi, many fungal species are very important in controlling the plant diseases caused by different pathogens. For example, species of the filamentous fungal genus Trichoderma are considered one of the most important biological control agents as an alternative to chemical-based products for effective crop diseases management.
Biological controls or microbial antagonists [citation needed] used for disease suppression, have been successfully used in Europe and Brazil in the form of fungi-like Trichoderma harzianum Rifai and Clonostachys rosea f. rosea Bainier (syn. Gliocladium roseum). [24] Trichoderma species especially, have been shown to control gray mold.
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