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  2. Introduction to genetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_genetics

    The information within a particular gene is not always exactly the same between one organism and another, so different copies of a gene do not always give exactly the same instructions. Each unique form of a single gene is called an allele. As an example, one allele for the gene for hair color could instruct the body to produce much pigment ...

  3. Molecular evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_evolution

    Genetic drift is the change of allele frequencies from one generation to the next due to stochastic effects of random sampling in finite populations. These effects can accumulate until a mutation becomes fixed in a population. For neutral mutations, the rate of fixation per generation is equal to the mutation rate per replication.

  4. Evolutionary biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_biology

    Genetic drift: Genetic drift [13] is a variational process, it happens as a result of the sampling errors from one generation to another generation where a random event that happens by chance in nature changes or influences allele frequency within a population. It has a much stronger effect on small populations than large ones.

  5. Chromosome 3 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_3

    G-banding patterns of human chromosome 3 in three different resolutions (400, [14] 550 [15] and 850 [3]). Band length in this diagram is based on the ideograms from ISCN (2013). [ 16 ] This type of ideogram represents actual relative band length observed under a microscope at the different moments during the mitotic process .

  6. Contribution of epigenetic modifications to evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contribution_of_epigenetic...

    Despite these apes having the same genes, methylation differences are what accounts for their phenotypic variation. The genes in question are involved in development. It is not the protein sequences that account for the differences in physical characteristics between humans and apes; rather, it is the epigenetic changes to the genes.

  7. Human genome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_genome

    Some types of non-coding DNA are genetic "switches" that do not encode proteins, but do regulate when and where genes are expressed (called enhancers). [30] Regulatory sequences have been known since the late 1960s. [31] The first identification of regulatory sequences in the human genome relied on recombinant DNA technology. [32]

  8. From religion to politics — here’s how genes influence our ...

    www.aol.com/religion-politics-genes-influence...

    Many of us believe we are masters of own destiny, but new research is revealing the extent to which our behavior is influenced by our genes. It’s now possible to decipher our individual genetic ...

  9. Environmental epigenetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_epigenetics

    Environmental epigenetics is a branch of epigenetics that studies the influence of external environmental factors on the gene expression of a developing embryo. [1] The way that genes are expressed may be passed down from parent to offspring through epigenetic modifications, although environmental influences do not alter the genome itself.

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