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Between 2 Oceans: A Military History of Singapore from 1275 to 1971 (2nd ed. Marshall Cavendish International Asia, 2011). Ong, Siang Song. One Hundred Years' History of the Chinese in Singapore (Oxford University Press--Singapore, 1984) online. Perry, John Curtis. Singapore: Unlikely Power (Oxford University Press, 2017). Tan, Kenneth Paul (2007).
Before 1951, the City Council was known as the Municipal Commission. [1] The rest of the crown colony was under the authority of the Singapore Rural Board. The city served as the capital of Colony of Singapore, and the State of Singapore from 1951 until its abolishment in 1965. [1] [2]
In 1928, pieces of gold ornaments dating to the mid-14th century was discovered at Fort Canning Hill. [21] Recent excavations in Fort Canning provide evidence that Singapore was a port of some importance in the 14th century [22] and used for transactions between Malays and Chinese.
The English name of "Singapore" is an anglicisation of the native Malay name for the country, Singapura (pronounced), which was in turn derived from the Sanskrit word for 'lion city' (Sanskrit: सिंहपुर; romanised: Siṃhapura; Brahmi: 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳𑀧𑀼𑀭; literally "lion city"; siṃha means 'lion', pura means 'city' or 'fortress'). [9]
The establishment of a British trading post in Singapore in 1819 by Sir Stamford Raffles led to its founding as a British colony in 1824. This event has generally been understood to mark the founding of colonial Singapore, [1] a break from its status as a port in ancient times during the Srivijaya and Majapahit eras, and later, as part of the Sultanate of Malacca and the Johor Sultanate.
He then decided to stay in Temasek, named the city he founded Singapura or "Lion City". [ 10 ] [ 11 ] Some scholars believe that Sang Nila Utama and the story of its founding to be fictional, and a number of alternative suggestions for the origin of the name of Singapore have been given.
He and his men stayed on the island and founded a city, renaming the island to Singapura, which in Sanskrit means "Lion City". [ 5 ] [ 11 ] Sang Nila Utama fathered two sons with Wan Sri Bini, born Raja Kechil-Besar and Raja Kechil-Muda the elder son was married to Nila Panchadi, a princess from India and the younger was married to his cousin ...
The history of the Republic of Singapore began when Singapore was expelled from Malaysia and became an independent republic on 9 August 1965. [1] After the separation, the fledgling nation had to become self-sufficient, however was faced with problems including mass unemployment, housing shortages and lack of land and natural resources such as petroleum.