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A definition of music endeavors to give an accurate and concise explanation of music's basic attributes or essential nature and it involves a process of defining what is meant by the term music. Many authorities have suggested definitions, but defining music turns out to be more difficult than might first be imagined, and there is ongoing debate.
Relating to music produced by instruments, as opposed to electric or electronic means ad libitum (commonly ad lib; Latin) At liberty (i.e. the speed and manner of execution are left to the performer. It can also mean improvisation.) adagietto Fairly slowly (but faster than adagio) adagio Slowly adagissimo Very, very slowly affannato, affannoso ...
Some definitions refer to music as a score, or a composition: [18] [7] [19] music can be read as well as heard, and a piece of music written but never played is a piece of music notwithstanding. According to Edward E. Gordon the process of reading music , at least for trained musicians, involves a process, called "inner hearing" or "audiation ...
Music is the arrangement of sound to create some combination of form, harmony, melody, rhythm, or otherwise expressive content. [1] [2] [3] Music is generally agreed to be a cultural universal that is present in all human societies. [4]
Judges of contest music may describe a performance as bringing the music on the page to life; of expressing more than the mere faithful reproduction of pitches, rhythms, and composer dynamic markings. In the company of two or more musicians, there is the added experience of the ensemble effect in which the players express something greater than ...
While the entire history of music theory appears to depend on just such a distinction between harmony and counterpoint, it is no less evident that developments in the nature of musical composition down the centuries have presumed the interdependence – at times amounting to integration, at other times a source of sustained tension – between ...
The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians is an encyclopedic dictionary of music and musicians. Along with the German-language Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart , it is one of the largest reference works on the history and theory of music .
The Harvard Dictionary of Music is a standard music reference book published by the Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. The first edition, titled Harvard Dictionary of Music, was published in 1944, and was edited by Willi Apel. The second edition, also edited by Apel, was published in 1969.