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[3] [5] [2] The atmosphere of Mars is much thinner and colder than Earth's having a max density 20g/m 3 (about 2% of Earth’s value) with a temperature generally below zero down to -60 Celsius. The average surface pressure is about 610 pascals (0.088 psi) which is 0.6% of the Earth's value.
[70] [71] Phobos's orbit is closer to Mars and its surface may have captured particles blasted from Mars. [72] The launch from Earth is planned for 2026, with a return to Earth in 2031. [73] [74] Japan has also shown interest in participating in an international Mars sample-return mission.
A collection of Martian rocks could reveal details about potential past life on the Red Planet – but first NASA has to get them back to Earth.. For years, the U.S. space agency's Perseverance ...
While Mars's climate has similarities to Earth's, including periodic ice ages, there are also important differences, such as much lower thermal inertia. Mars' atmosphere has a scale height of approximately 11 km (36,000 ft), 60% greater than that on Earth. The climate is of considerable relevance to the question of whether life is or ever has ...
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Unlike Earth, Mars does not have a global magnetic field to protect its atmosphere, leaving it vulnerable to solar ultraviolet radiation. Scientists crack mystery of Mars' missing atmosphere ...
Planetary protection aims to prevent biological contamination of both the target celestial body and the Earth in the case of sample-return missions. A sample return from Mars or other location with the potential to host life is a category V mission under COSPAR, which directs to the containment of any unsterilized sample returned to Earth.
A mineral trapped within a Martian meteorite that fell to Earth has revealed traces of water on Mars that date back 4.45 billion years, according to new research.