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This is a list consisting of all the heads of state of modern and contemporary Romania, from the establishment of the United Principalities in 1859 to the present day. The incumbent ad interim head of state, as of 14 February 2025, is President of the Senate Ilie Bolojan. [1]
The president of Romania serves as the head of state of Romania.The office was created by the communist leader Nicolae Ceaușescu in 1974 and has developed into its modern form after the Romanian Revolution and the adoption of the 1991 constitution.
The incumbent prime minister of Romania, as of 14 February 2025, is Ion-Marcel Ciolacu, the current leader of the Social Democratic Party (PSD), who has been serving since 15 June 2023 onwards. Ciolacu has been leading a PSD- PNL grand coalition government, as part of and representing the ruling National Coalition for Romania (CNR), since mid ...
The office of president was created in 1974 when communist leader Nicolae Ceaușescu elevated the presidency of the State Council to a fully fledged executive presidency. It took its current form in stages after the Romanian Revolution, culminating in adopting Romania's current constitution in 1991.
Pages in category "Heads of state of Romania" The following 10 pages are in this category, out of 10 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. *
The Government of Romania (Romanian: Guvernul României) forms one half of the executive branch of the government of Romania (the other half being the office of the President of Romania). It is headed by the Prime Minister of Romania , and consists of the ministries , various subordinate institutions and agencies, and the 42 prefectures .
The only exception was Nicolae Ceaușescu, who was president under a different constitution, and who consequently was both a member of the PCR and president of Romania at the same time. Traian Băsescu was the only president suspended/impeached twice to date (once in each of his two mandates, more specifically in 2007 and 2012).
In one-party states, the ruling party's leader (e.g. the General Secretary) is usually the de facto top leader of the state, though sometimes this leader also holds the presidency or premiership. In Andorra, Iran, and Vatican City , a clergy member also acts as the head of state.