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Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) is an n-3 fatty acid that is structurally similar to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) with the same number of double bonds, but two more carbon chain units. [4] Dietary sources. These are the top five sources for DPA according to the USDA Agricultural Research Service: [5] Fish oil, menhaden 0.668 g in 1 tbsp. (13.6 g)
An omega−3 fatty acid is a fatty acid with multiple double bonds, where the first double bond is between the third and fourth carbon atoms from the end of the carbon atom chain. "Short-chain" omega−3 fatty acids have a chain of 18 carbon atoms or less, while "long-chain" omega−3 fatty acids have a chain of 20 or more.
Mammals are unable to synthesize omega−3 fatty acids, but can obtain the shorter-chain omega−3 fatty acid ALA (18 carbons and 3 double bonds) through diet and use it to form the more important long-chain omega−3 fatty acids, EPA (20 carbons and 5 double bonds) and then from EPA, the most crucial, DHA (22 carbons and 6 double bonds). [2]
Deficiency in omega−3 fatty acids are very common. The average American has a dietary ratio between omega−6 fatty acids and omega−3 fatty acids of 20:1. When the two EFAs were discovered in 1923, they were designated "vitamin F", but in 1929, research on rats showed that the two EFAs are better classified as fats rather than vitamins. [8]
The essential fatty acids (EFA) omega-3 and omega-6 are polyunsaturated. Clinical signs of an EFA deficiency include stunted growth in kids and babies, a scaly, dry rash, slowed wound healing and heightened susceptibility to infections. [2]
According to Mount Sinai, the American diet typically has 14 to 25 times more omega-6 fatty acids than omega-3 fatty acids. “The issue isn’t the amount of omega-6 oil we consume,” Ali says, ...
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