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Lebanon, [a] officially the Republic of Lebanon, [b] is a country in the Levant region of WestSituated at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian Peninsula, [1] it is bordered by Syria to the north and east, Israel to the south, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west; Cyprus lies a short distance from the coastline.
Lebanon came under Ottoman rule in the early 15th century. Under Ottoman sultan Abdulmejid I, the first Lebanese proto state, the Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate, was established as a home for Maronite Christians, as part of the Tanzimat reforms. Lebanon is a developing country, ranked 112th on the Human Development Index.
The coastal plain of Lebanon is the historic home of a string of coastal trading cities of Semitic culture, which the Greeks termed Phoenicia, whose maritime culture flourished there for more than 1,000 years.
In 2019, Lebanon's overall performance in the SDG Index ranked 6th out of 21 countries in the Arab region. [19] Multi-stakeholder forums were held by different UN agencies including the UN Global Compact Network in Lebanon during the late 2010s for the advancement of Global Goals and their Impact on Businesses in Lebanon. The latest two were ...
Lebanon's native language, Levantine Arabic, [1] is the main language used in conversations. MSA, despite being Lebanon's second language by number of users, [1] is almost never used in conversations, [5] while English [33] and French [34] are, even between some native speakers of Levantine. Western Armenian and Kurdish are used by their ...
In addition, the use of English grew in Lebanon in the wake of American influence through oil and business interests in the Middle East. [4] In 1972, 54% of Lebanese people said they speak French or English, including 75% of Beirut residents. Of Beirut's bilingual population, 48.5% spoke French and 26% spoke English. [4]
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Initially, Ashkal Alwan promoted and introduced the work of artists who have been engaged in critical art practices within the context of post-war Lebanon. The Home Works Forum is a multidisciplinary platform that takes place in Beirut, Lebanon about every other year. it has evolved into one of the most vibrant platforms for research and ...