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Protestant beliefs about salvation: This table summarizes the classical views of three Protestant beliefs about salvation. [180] Topic Calvinism Lutheranism Arminianism; Human will: Total depravity: [181] Humanity possesses "free will", [182] but it is in bondage to sin, [183] until it is "transformed". [184]
Martin Luther, an Augustinian friar, rooted his theology of salvation deeply in Augustinian soteriology, [3] alongside Huldrych Zwingli (1484–1531), [4] and John Calvin (1509–1564). [5] Augustine's theology was grounded in divine monergism , [ 6 ] and implied a double predestination . [ 7 ]
"Private Absolution ought to be retained in the churches, although in confession an enumeration of all sins is not necessary." —Augsburg Confession, Article 11 In the Lutheran Church, Confession (also called Holy Absolution) is the method given by Christ to the Church by which individual men and women may receive the forgiveness of sins; according to the Large Catechism, the "third sacrament ...
Lutherans teach that at baptism, people receive regeneration and God's promise of salvation. At the same time, they receive the faith they need to be open to God's grace. Lutherans baptize by sprinkling or pouring water on the head of the person (or infant) as the Trinitarian formula is spoken. Lutherans teach baptism to be necessary, but not ...
Luther's response was to claim that original sin incapacitates human beings from working out their own salvation, and that they are completely incapable of bringing themselves to God. As such, there is no free will for humanity, as far as salvation is concerned, because any will they might have is overwhelmed by the influence of sin. [6]
The Book of Concord (1580) or Concordia (often referred to as the Lutheran Confessions) is the historic doctrinal standard of the Lutheran Church, consisting of ten credal documents recognized as authoritative in Lutheranism since the 16th century.
Protestant beliefs about salvation: This table summarizes the classical views of three Protestant beliefs about salvation. [166] Topic Calvinism Lutheranism Arminianism; Human will: Total depravity: [167] Humanity possesses "free will", [168] but it is in bondage to sin, [169] until it is "transformed". [170]
Lutherans uphold the need for confession and absolution, but reject the notion that Confession should induce guilt or anxiety to the Christian. Absolution is offered for all sin, not just sins that can be recounted in a confession, as it is impossible for a man to know all of his transgressions. XXVI Of the Distinction of Meats