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the value added tax (VAT) the federal direct tax (FDT) the withholding tax; the stamp duty; the military service substitute tax; Subdivisions of the FTA also take care of the application and enforcement of tax law, provide information on tax issues, further develop the tax system and help resolve international tax issues (e.g., double taxation ...
The Federal Act on the Reduction of CO 2 Emissions (CO 2 Act) [a] is a Swiss federal law that regulates carbon dioxide emissions to mitigate climate change. [1] The CO 2 Act is at the core of Switzerland's climate political measures. One of the key measures is the introduction of a carbon tax, to disincentivize greenhouse gas emissions. Part of ...
The Gold Standard is recognized by carbon market and scholars of carbon markets and climate change politics scholars as a prime example of voluntary standards. [7] As a program certifying emissions trading programs, criticisms of the general practice of emissions trading may also generally apply to the Gold Standard certification program.
The European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) is a carbon emission trading scheme (or cap and trade scheme) that began in 2005 and is intended to lower greenhouse gas emissions in the EU. Cap and trade schemes limit emissions of specified pollutants over an area and allow companies to trade emissions rights within that area.
Tax fraud occurs if a tax evasion is committed by using falsified documents for deceptive purposes, a crime (Vergehen / crime) punishable by additional imprisonment of up to three years or an additional fine of up to 30,000 CHF. [61] [62] Tax evasion in Switzerland was estimated at CHF 66 billion according to a study in 2023.
A European Union plan to tax the carbon pollution emitted to make goods imported from countries like India and China has sparked a debate at the United Nations climate conference in Dubai, as ...
Overall, the carbon tax accounts for around one third of greenhouse gas emissions in Switzerland. [25] [26] The carbon tax was introduced at CHF 12 per ton of CO 2 equivalent (CO 2-e) and has risen by CHF 12 periodically until reaching its current rate of CHF 96 in 2018. The impacts on emissions from the scheme are estimated to be a reduction ...
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